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Vocaloid Lyrics > World is Mine
Vocabulary words from the song World is Mine「ワールドイズマイン」. By ryo and featuring Hatsune Miku.
Made by ライトウ ≥^..^≤

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かい

Accent:
(noun) the world, society, the universe; sphere, circle, world; (may be followed by の) world-renowned, world-famous; (Buddhist) realm governed by one Buddha, space (original meaning)
View usage notes (5)

Usage notes

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Juhrobi
Level: 75
Wait a SEC, I am a member of society.
Mnemonic
36
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Dancampulung
Level: 101
Think of ISEKAI, a genre of manga and anime where the characters get transported to another WORLD.
Mnemonic
32
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Tibribri
Level: 147
In Dr Stone opening: "Ohayo Sekai, Good morning World"
Mnemonic
4
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トアフコップ
Level: 452
Doitsu no kagaku wa SEKAI ICHI!
("German science is the best()in the world(世界)!", well known, memorable line from Jojo's Bizarre Adventure)
Mnemonic
2
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エ-ポイ
Level: 80
世界の終わり バンド

世界 - World
終わり - End

SEKAI NO OWARI band,
which literally means:
"End of the World"
Mnemonic
1
0
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Sentences

          
Have a look at the world map.
             
There are four oceans in the world.
              
That is the fastest train in the world.
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be, is (plain copula); (auxiliary verb) did, (have) done; (auxiliary verb) please, do (indicates light imperative)
View usage notes (1)

Usage notes

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スーン (UNQSPM)
Level: 234
In casual speech, だ is often dropped, but だ is not dropped in だよ and だね. (Genki II)
How to use
27
0
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Sentences

        
He is now in the prime of manhood.
      
It is sunny today.
        
His shoes are brown.
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いちばん

Accent:
(noun/adverb) number one, first, first place; (adverb) best, most; game, round, bout; (adverb) as a test, as an experiment, by way of experiment, by way of trial, tentatively; song (e.g. in noh), piece
View usage notes (1)

Usage notes

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冬子50・fuyuko50
Level: 534
pitch accent: い/ち\ばん or い/ちばん
Other
4
0
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Sentences

           
I like autumn best.
             
That small star is the brightest.
             
I took my place at the end of the line.
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 ひめさま

(noun) (honorific) princess; spoiled girl, hothouse flower; glue

Usage notes

Sentences

             
She is like a princess from a foreign country.
そう  

(adjective) such, like that, that sort of

Usage notes

Sentences

そう             こと   
Such accidents can happen from time to time.
そう                
Such an accident is likely to happen again.
      そう         
Hey, why did you do such a thing?
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あつか 

Accent: ,
(Godan verb - う/transitive) to deal with (a person), to treat, to handle, to take care of, to entertain; to deal with (a problem), to handle, to manage; to operate (e.g. a machine), to handle, to work; to deal in, to sell; to cover (a topic), to treat, to discuss, to take up; to treat A as B; (archaism) to mediate (an argument); (archaism) to be too much for one, to find unmanageable; (archaism) to gossip
View usage notes (8)

Usage notes

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WildAtelier
Level: 1231
The farmer had to DEAL WITH the COWS getting too HOT (暑い) in the summer
Mnemonic
30
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Uggyboots
Level: 227
To deal with that guy (あいつ) you’ll have to buy (かう) him off.
Mnemonic
14
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bheat
Level: 149
あ... I'll use (つかう) this to deal with him.
Mnemonic
12
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emanresU
Level: 367
What's that annoying thing you have to deal with, again? Why, thAT'S A COW!
Mnemonic
6
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Wlly
Level: 641
He had a warm (atsu) face (kao) when he was taking care of me
Mnemonic
5
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レイん|レナ
Level: 203
He's too hot/ATSUi to handle. I'm not dealing with his tantrums, I'm buying/KAU him whatever he wants, so he shuts up.
Mnemonic
1
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imanoctothorpe
Level: 35
"Man, that ATSU あつ is such a thorn in my side. I'll have to deal with her somehow, the COW かう." - the villain in AC Shadows, presumably
Mnemonic
1
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スべ
Level: 296
扱う (formal or casual; more general)
1. to deal with (a person), to treat, to handle; 2. to deal with (a problem)

取り扱う (formal) handling or management in business, policies etc.
e.g. handle date/cars/etc.
Other
11
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Sentences

            
They deal in rice at that store.
              
We will deal with this problem in Chapter Three.
          
Don't handle the tools roughly.
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こころ 

Accent:
(Ichidan verb (ます = stem+ます)/transitive) to know, to understand, to be aware of, to regard as, to take for; to (understand and) accept (a responsibility); to have a knowledge of (a skill, art, etc.), to have a command of, to know (how to do)
View usage notes (1)

Usage notes

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jm27937
Level: 1333
心得る conveys deeper awareness, mastery, or preparedness, rather than just knowing something on a surface level. It is often used for skills, etiquette, mental readiness, or expectations. For knowing or understanding more generally, use 知る or 理解する.
Meaning
18
1
Add usage note

Sentences

                  
She knows well how to deal with children.
          いう          
He looked as if he knew all about it.
                                         
The chief clerk is not a hardworking man, but gets ahead rapidly because he knows how to curry favor with his superiors.
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(expression) isn't that right? (particle pair used at sentence-end)
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Usage notes

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スーン (UNQSPM)
Level: 234
Used when both the speaker and the listener know about the situation equally — Genki II
部長親切な だ よね。
How to use
1
0
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Accent:
(other) that, the (something or someone distant from the speaker, close to the listener; actions of the listener, or ideas expressed or understood by the listener); part (as in "part two") (preceding a number); (interjection) um ..., er ..., uh ...
View usage notes (3)

Usage notes

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デミフィ
Level: 1171
in conversation, knowing when to use その and あの when referring to a subject/situation is important

use その when the subject is not known to both speakers
use あの when the subject is known to both speakers

(both speakers refers to you and whoever you're talking to)
How to use
271
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while1fork
Level: 384
“Do you know what it is?” “It’s that … uh, thing …” “SO, NO.”
Mnemonic
13
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JulieJulie
Level: 424
Can be used in front of a noun, such as その本 (that book)
Mnemonic
3
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Sentences

           
The tree is in bud.
          
The monkey climbed up a tree.
           
The sisters look like each other.
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いち

Accent:
(noun) one, 1; (may be followed by の) (suffix) best; (may be followed by の) first, foremost; (noun) beginning, start; (prefix) a (single), one (of many) (before a noun); (noun) (card games) ace; (noun) bottom string (on a shamisen, etc.)
View usage notes (2)

Usage notes

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MuMe
Level: 917
There are also formal forms of numbers that are used in important documents to prevent fraud. Normally the kanji for one could easily be made to look like a few other numbers by simply adding a stroke.

Number - normal kanji - alternative
1 one - -
2 two - -
3 three - -
10 ten - -
How to use
64
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HonokaSki
Level: 156
I've got one(1) itch(いち).
Mnemonic
9
0
Add usage note

Sentences

           
The parcel weighs more than one pound.
              
I want to eat one more slice of pizza.
              
Class will begin in an hour.
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いつ 

Accent:
(adverb) always, all the time, at all times; never (with neg. verb); (may be followed by の) (noun) usual, regular, habitual, customary
View usage notes (11)

Usage notes

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ひろのすけ
Level: 200
Means "never" when used with a negative verb. e.g. '私はいつも家にいない。' (I'm never home.)
Meaning
100
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Red Mage
Level: 217
IT'S (always) MOre
Mnemonic
61
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AydinHoolia
Level: 509
My mom is ALWAYS telling me to eat some more (いつも) food when I go over to her house!
Mnemonic
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ajqe・アンナ
Level: 206
The song “ALWAYS With Me” is “ITSUMO Nando Demo”
Mnemonic
8
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Jen GP
Level: 1033
Picture Professor Snape at the end of the movie: "Itsumo..." and he conjures the patronus 🥺
Mnemonic
7
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nyx 。・.・
Level: 88
I always (いつも) do it on the fifth day (いつか)
Mnemonic
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Yuzuki03
Level: 129
"IT'S-MOre" - "つ" for "tsunami," looks like a wave - that continues (it's more...) "ALWAYS" or "NEVER"
Mnemonic
4
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シェリル cherylnoble
Level: 102
いつ、も (this time, also = always)
Mnemonic
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Charim
Level: 89
When? (Itsu) Always! (mo)
Mnemonic
1
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マフィンマフィン
Level: 225
It's Mo(いつも)ndays, it's always Mondays when bad things happen.
Mnemonic
1
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Rdelav
Level: 365
いつも = always (casual, everyday habits/feelings)
つねに = always (formal/literary, constant/consistent state or effort)
Core difference: つねに is more formal and implies a stricter, more unwavering constancy.

いつも 努力する = always make an effort (natural, everyday)
つねに 努力する = constantly strive (formal, disciplined tone)

相手のいうことを本当に何を言いたいって常に考えなきゃいけなくなちゃうから、とても会話が複雑 になります
You need constantly to think on what the other says and what he really means.
Other
4
0
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Sentences

       
The hill is always green.
             
He always takes sides with her.
           
I usually go to school by bus.
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(other) if, when; and; with; used for quoting (thoughts, speech, etc.); (noun) (shogi) (abbreviation) promoted pawn; indicates a question (at sentence end)
View usage notes (3)

Usage notes

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プリマドック
Level: 858
Also used to quote a whole clause of a sentence, similar in a way to how the particle の and the noun こと converts a clause into the equivalent of a noun.
How to use
119
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🌩セージ.𝓡_8卦掌天𝓚𝓪𝓲𝖙𝖊𝖓⚡
Level: 579
When using it means you are listing the items that are the only possibilities, whereas means there are others.

(あか)と(くろ) が すき です。
(あか)や(くろ) が すき です。
Both sentence meaning the same :
I like red and black colors.

The first sentence specifically states you like red and black colors.

The second sentence states that you like red and black colors, and maybe other colors too.

It's like a partial list when using apart from (when using it) which you can take as a full list
How to use
29
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Suoira
Level: 207
TOES together with eachother
Mnemonic
2
0
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Sentences

       
I think it will be fine.
           
It is soft to the touch.
          
I think it's around here.
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ちが 

Accent:
(Godan verb - う/intransitive) to differ (from), to be different, to be distinct, to be unlike, to vary, to disagree (with); to be wrong, to be incorrect, to be mistaken; to become abnormal, to go wrong; (expressions) isn't it?, wasn't it?
View usage notes (8)

Usage notes

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Wolfino
Level: 408
In the Kansai dialect, ちがう is often contracted to ちゃう
How to use
98
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スーン (UNQSPM)
Level: 234
Used for saying that someone’s understanding is wrong, used with nouns:
これはペンですか? 
いいえ、違います。

Incorrect if used as a response to the following questions:
おいしいですか? (adjective)
食べますか? (verb)

— from Try! JLPT N5
How to use
18
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Keobro
Level: 280
Check out this guy being all different!
ちかう
Mnemonic
29
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エドアード
Level: 126
How to remember 偉い and 違う: think of not as tanned leather (the actual radical meaning), but as peculiar/different. A person different from the average is outstanding, extraordinary (偉い). If they they stretch it too far, (it's a very intense difference), it's perceived as wrong (違う)
Mnemonic
28
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ジェン~1984
Level: 551
CHIGAU: in CHIGAgo U can watch streetart and hiphop peformances, in which the city differs from places like Lubbock TX, which according to bussines insider is the most boring city in America. *

*info from the web, I've never been in America. If you know love a message to hear if it holds treu.
Mnemonic
12
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デ二ス 。
Level: 118
The pizzas in Chicago (ChiGaU) are different than those in New York
Mnemonic
5
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たみみ
Level: 76
Lychee is ladygaga's umami flavor which differ from the public taste buds.
Mnemonic
1
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Shamugan
Level: 744
ちゃう is the colloquial abbreviation of 違う.
Originally, more common in Kansai dialect.
Other
41
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Sentences

           
Matters are different now.
            
That's a little different from yesterday's conversation/talk.
あの          
What that person says and thinks are different.
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かみがた
(noun) hair style, coiffure, hairdo

Usage notes

Sentences

                  
I couldn't help laughing at his haircut.
           
His hair style is behind the time.
           
I would like my hair in this style.
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(particle) at (place, time), in, on, during; to (direction, state), toward, into; for (purpose); because of (reason), for, with; by, from; as (i.e. in the role of); per, in, for, a (e.g. "once a month"); and, in addition to; (archaism) if, although
View usage notes (4)

Usage notes

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アイキス
Level: 452
Person Event 誘う→To invite a person to an event

Eg: ジョンさんはマリさんを映画に誘いました。→John invited Mary to the movies.
How to use
20
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アイキス
Level: 452
Event 遅れる→To be late for an event
Eg: 授業に遅れてはいけません
→You cannot be late for class.
How to use
16
0
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ChickensandwichFish
Level: 85
You に (need) to be here AT 12!
Mnemonic
1
0
NEW
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🌩セージ.𝓡_8卦掌天𝓚𝓪𝓲𝖙𝖊𝖓⚡
Level: 579
Just for information, / are used to MARK location. They are locations where the action is GOING. Whereas is used where the action is HAPPENING/TAKING PLACE.
Other
39
0
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Sentences

        
Don't disobey the rules.
        
He is in his library.
       
The moon shines at night.
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(Godan verb - く) to notice, to realize, to realise, to become aware (of), to perceive, to sense, to suspect; to be attentive, to be scrupulous, to be observant; to regain consciousness, to come to (one's senses), to come round
View usage notes (1)

Usage notes

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ライトウ ≥^..^≤
Level: 804
Her friends at school *𝗻𝗼𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗲* that "Kie got cool"「KIGATSUKU きがつく」new clothes.
Mnemonic
2
0
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Sentences

                         
One becomes aware of their parent's worth only after they leave their parents' house.
                こと        
After I left work, I realized that I had forgotten my mobile phone.
                  こと        
I noticed that I haven't had anything to drink since having tea this morning.
See more sentences
  
(particle) particle indicating a command (particle always used at sentence-end); (female term) particle indicating mild enthusiasm; particle indicating a gentle interrogative; particle used to soften a judgment or conclusion

Usage notes

Sentences

                
You should definitely go ahead and see his film.
          使  こと   
It's necessary to use honorific language when talking to one's superiors.
                   
How lucky it is to win the lottery.
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Accent:
(noun) two, 2
View usage notes (4)

Usage notes

avatar
MuMe
Level: 917
There are also formal forms of numbers that are used in important documents to prevent fraud. Normally the kanji for one could easily be made to look like a few other numbers by simply adding a stroke.

Number - normal kanji - alternative
1 one - -
2 two - -
3 three - -
10 ten - -
How to use
44
0
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HonokaSki
Level: 156
Everyone has two(2) KNEES(に).
Mnemonic
8
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ハムラ
Level: 1114
Like in English, both "two" and "to" are pronounced the same: "ni" (に).
Mnemonic
6
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sena_ix
Level: 578
There are () (ramu)s GLARING at us, maybe we shouldn't go over there.
Mnemonic
2
0
Add usage note

Sentences

              
You have two books.
       
It's two o'clock in the afternoon.
           
I slept only two hours.
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Accent:
(adverb/する verb) (onomatopoeia) diligently, seriously, earnestly, reliably, steadily, legitimately; (onomatopoeia) perfectly, properly, exactly, orderly, punctually, regularly, safely, in good condition; (onomatopoeia) sufficiently, satisfactorily; (onomatopoeia) quickly
View usage notes (6)

Usage notes

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Keitsubori {稜堀華尉}
Level: 440
Difference between ちゃんと and せっせと:
ちゃんと focuses on correctness/completeness of an action.
せっせと focuses on dedication and effort in carrying out the action.
Meaning
34
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悲鴈
Level: 518
ちゃんとした人
Somebody who does things wholeheartedly, sincerely.
Meaning
21
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ギョルギ九十三
Level: 708
ちゃんと — Core nuance: doing something as one should; fulfilling a duty or responsibility. Also carries a sense of sincerity / wholeheartedness.
Focus: responsibility, sincerity, not slacking off.
Implies: doing what you're supposed to do, properly and earnestly.

Example: ちゃんと謝りなさい - Apologise properly (with sincerity)

きちんと — Core nuance: also "as one should", but with emphasis on correctness, neatness, and orderliness.
Focus: method, form, tidiness, correctness.
Implies: doing something in a proper, well-organised manner.

Example: きちんと謝りなさい - Apologise properly (in a correct, proper manner)

しっかり — Core nuance: firmness and reliability. Also used to mean thoroughly, solidly, not superficially.
Focus: depth, thoroughness, strength.
Implies: doing something well enough to have a solid result.

Example: しっかり宿題をする - Do the homework thoroughly (well enough to have a solid result)


Comparison example (ご飯を食べる):

サトシ、ちゃんとご飯を食べなさい - Eat properly (focus, don't fool around)
サトシ、きちんとご飯を食べなさい - Eat in a proper manner (manners, form)
サトシ、しっかりご飯を食べなさい - Eat well (so you'll be strong / full of energy)


Describing people:

ちゃんとした人 - A responsible person who does what they're supposed to do.
きちんとした人 - A proper, orderly, tidy person who pays attention to details and appearance.
しっかりした人 - A firm, reliable person others can depend on.

Source: [www.youtube.com]
Meaning
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infotainment
Level: 39
Only the most earnest and serious cultist complete their CHANT diligently. The others are sacrificed.
Mnemonic
50
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P1ng23n5
Level: 261
The cheerleaders chanted (ちゃんと) very well for the soccer team.
Mnemonic
14
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エルジン
Level: 4
People are very Proper about Mr. CHAN’s TOE ちゃんと they want to worship his toe Properly so they all line up Earnestly and Diligently to bow down to the CHAN TOE ちゃんと
Mnemonic
3
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Add usage note

Sentences

           いきなさい  
Eat a proper breakfast before you go.
                  
Finish eating your school lunch! (which you're partway through)
               
The pump did not act as it should have.
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くつ

Accent:
(noun) shoe, shoes, boots, footwear, footgear
View usage notes (8)

Usage notes

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テントン・01
Level: 77
Kutsu goes on your foot-su!
Mnemonic
39
0
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Jen GP
Level: 1033
Cute shoes --> ku tsu
Mnemonic
37
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Cedricmusicprod
Level: 385
靴 (くつ) = shoes, 靴下 (くつした) = under your shoes, the socks
Mnemonic
16
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CatManDan
Level: 179
"Ku-tsu": the sound of hard shoes on a squeaky floor
Mnemonic
14
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シン・ソツ
Level: 789
Imagine くつ is a drawing 👟⛸️👠👞🥿👡 {く} the heel and {つ } the toe box.

{くつ} take off your shoes before entering the 和室 わしつ ?
Mnemonic
14
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十十じーげ
Level: 263
Kutsu - butsu - boots
Mnemonic
10
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vega860
Level: 48
"Kutsu" sounds like "cutesy."

Imagine you’re putting on a pair of brand-new, super cutesy shoes that everyone compliments. Every time you think of cute shoes, you’ll remember kutsu—shoes!
Mnemonic
6
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ギョルギ九十三
Level: 708
The counter for footwear is (そく). Commonly used for shoes, socks, slippers etc.
*You only use it to count PAIRS. Not a single shoe/sock!
Other
5
0
Add usage note

Sentences

        
His shoes are brown.
         
I put on my shoes at once.
              
Did you pay for those shoes?
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~ まで

(suffix) until (a time), till, to, up to; to (a place or person), as far as; to (an extent), up to, so far as, even; only, merely
View usage notes (12)

Usage notes

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Anjolie
Level: 212
Place まで: to place

Ex: 東京から 大阪まで 行きたいです。
= I want to go from Tokyo to Osaka.
How to use
104
0
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Ontama-chan
Level: 1071
Normally you would use the particle for a target of an action (such as a causative verb). However まで is used instead when talking about a more formal point of contact such as service providers.

Eg Please inform the front desk. フロントまでお知らせください
How to use
91
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オハイオのデビー
Level: 1136
I was MAD {まで} "until" she apologized.
Mnemonic
28
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七芽
Level: 53
Wait until (まで) I am doing it!
Mnemonic
21
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ライトウ ≥^..^≤
Level: 804
I will wait *𝘂𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗹* Sunday to go *𝘁𝗼* mom's house for "Ma Day"「MADE まで」(Mother's Day).
Mnemonic
13
0
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Unreql
Level: 62
Ma day (まで) goes all the way to the sunset. (both time and place)
Mnemonic
6
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レシー
Level: 100
まで (made) my way to/up to place/person
Mnemonic
4
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knifewizard
Level: 92
から / まで (from/to) when written together kind of sounds like KARAMADE-nsen, or CARAMELLDANSEN

(bit of a silly stretch but it worked for me to remember them as a pair hahaha)
Mnemonic
1
0
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Kai.Lonsdale
Level: 81
My date (made) was going well UNTIL she got mad (made)
Mnemonic
1
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Suoira
Level: 207
end/until point (marker); you have right up until mother's day (MA DAY) to find a gift
Mnemonic
1
0
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Nuwd
Level: 110
MADE in germany will last TILL/UNTILL the end of time :)
Mnemonic
1
0
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ieninei
Level: 372
Pitch accent: ま/で⁰
Other
8
0
Add usage note

Sentences

      
All through the day.
             
I usually get home by six o'clock.
                
There are five days from Monday until Friday.
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Accent:
(Ichidan verb (ます = stem+ます)/transitive) to see, to look, to watch, to view, to observe; to examine, to look over, to assess, to check, to judge; to look after, to attend to, to take care of, to keep an eye on; to experience, to meet with (misfortune, success, etc.); (auxiliary verb) (Ichidan verb) to try ..., to have a go at ..., to give ... a try (after the -te form of a verb); (auxiliary verb) (Ichidan verb) to see (that) ..., to find (that) ...
View usage notes (10)

Usage notes

avatar
ethanych
Level: 2
(め) で 見る (みる、1)
(みみ) で 聞く、聴く (きく、0)
(はな) で 嗅ぐ (かぐ、0)
(くち) で 話す (はなす、2)
(て) で 触る (さわる、0)
How to use
76
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Uncommonり
Level: 670
観る is usually used as "to watch" (i.e: 映画を観る)
How to use
70
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ギョルギ九十三
Level: 708
見る () – "to see / look at / watch"
The neutral, everyday verb. Used in most situations: seeing something, watching TV, checking something, meeting someone, etc.
Note: This is the default way it's written in almost all cases.

観る () – "to watch (as an experience)"
Used when watching something you appreciate or take in intentionally, like films, theatre, concerts, or sports.
Note: In everyday writing, people still usually write 見る, unless they want to be precise.

視る () – "to observe / examine"
More formal and analytical. Implies carefully examining or viewing something from a technical or objective perspective.
Note: Rare on its own in daily life, but common in compounds like 視点, 視覚, 視野.
How to use
1
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DUckinCS
Level: 570
見る - to see, to watch, to look at

見える - to be seen - because veryone can see (見る) you

見せる - to show or display omething; to make omeone see (見る) omething.

The extra letters can help you remember what aspect of "seeing" it means
Mnemonic
214
0
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Tomhottner
Level: 61
I can see I can see I can see you in the Miru (mirror)
Mnemonic
52
0
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ミリアム♡
Level: 212
If you know Spanish:
mirar = to look / watch
みる (miru) - to look / watch / see
Pretty similar.
Mnemonic
16
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while1fork
Level: 384
The doctor has to SEE (見る / みる) you in order to EXAMINE (診る / みる) you.
Mnemonic
12
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monkeyfeather
Level: 157
I think of 'admire'.
See -> Admire -> Ad *mir* e -> Miru
Mnemonic
4
0
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チャーリ-
Level: 63
It sounds similar to "mirror" and you "look" (to see) into a mirror
Mnemonic
1
0
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シン・ソツ
Level: 789
Visit the ill* 🛌 見舞う み/まう
I come to SEE you 見る not to EXAMINE 🧑‍⚕️ 診る you, why open your mouth👄 (まう)?

Visit a person* 🧒 訪ねる た/ずね\る
My TAsk (た) is NOT (ず) to ASK 尋ねる if I could SLEEP 🛏️ ( ね) here.

Visit a place* 🎢 訪れる お/とずれ\る
There is too much NOISE ( おと) here. I could NOT (ず) hear you, please REpeat (れ) 🦻 .
Mnemonic
1
0
NEW
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Sentences

             
He was surprised at the scene.
          
He saw a pretty girl.
        こと  ある  
Have you ever seen an elephant fly?
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(noun/transitive,intransitive) that's good, that's nice; (noun) (can take the する suffix) (transitive verb) (intransitive verb) {Internet} like (on social media); (expressions) is that clear?, OK?, got that?
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ギョルギ九十三
Level: 708
In the "like", "like button", "like" (verb) sense - there's also グッドボタン. I've heard both used on the same platform.
Other
4
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さん

Accent:
(noun) three, 3
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Usage notes

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MuMe
Level: 917
There are also formal forms of numbers that are used in important documents to prevent fraud. Normally the kanji for one could easily be made to look like a few other numbers by simply adding a stroke.

Number - normal kanji - alternative
1 one - -
2 two - -
3 three - -
10 ten - -
How to use
82
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Coryiodine
Level: 130
We live on the 3rd planet from the sun
Mnemonic
12
0
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HonokaSki
Level: 156
On this planet, there are three(3) SUNS(さん).
Mnemonic
10
0
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Language Chaser
Level: 147
Santoryo - Zoro's three swords style
Mnemonic
2
0
NEW
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Sentences

              
When it turns 3 in the afternoon, I get hungry.
          
The court session lasted for three hours.
             
The party went on for three hours.
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わたし

Accent:
(noun) I, me (slightly formal or feminine)
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Usage notes

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insomniacsunny
Level: 242
watashi (what did she) say about *me*?!
Mnemonic
6
0
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Sentences

        
I am a high school student.
         
I broke my arm.
          
I have an errand to do in town.
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(particle) indicates possessive; nominalizes verbs and adjectives; substitutes for "ga" in subordinate phrases; (at sentence-end, falling tone) indicates a confident conclusion; (female term) (at sentence-end) indicates emotional emphasis; (at sentence-end, rising tone) indicates question
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Usage notes

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ギョルギ九十三
Level: 708
Both and こと turn verbs into nouns, but they feel different:
————————

こと is more conceptual and abstract. It treats the action as a general idea and sounds more detached. It's often used for information, ideas, or facts.

feels more direct and personal. It points to the actual action as it happens. It sounds more immediate, and it's commonly used for things you directly see, hear, feel, or control.
————————

→ 私は死ぬことが怖い = "I'm afraid of death"
Here, the action is treated as a general concept.

→ 私は死ぬのが怖い = "I'm afraid of dying"
This feels more immediate and personal, as if you're afraid of dying rather than death as an abstract idea.
————————

The difference becomes clearer with direct perception. When you directly witness something, you usually use の.

→ 私は子どもが泣いているのを見た = "I saw a child crying"
What you saw wasn't the concept of a child crying—you saw the action itself.

The same contrast appears with hearing, especially when comparing direct perception and reported information.

→ 火山が噴火したことを聞いた = What you heard was the news of the volcano erupting.
Here, you received information about the event.

→ 火山が噴火したのを聞いた = You were there when the volcano erupted. You directly heard it.
In this case, you experienced the sound itself.
————————

Finally, when talking about actions you can directly control, の is usually preferred.
→ 酒を飲むのをやめた = "I quit drinking"

Here, the action feels concrete and personally managed rather than abstract.
————————

Quick rule of thumb:

Directly experienced / immediate / personal →
Abstract / conceptual / informational → こと

Source: part of this video: [www.youtube.com]
How to use
4
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Sentences

      
Are you feeling sick?
        
His shoes are brown.
        
At five in the evening.
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ひとこと

Accent:
(noun/する verb) single word, a few words, brief comment
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飴細工
Level: 921
This person 人 is a man who prefers to speak one 一 word 言.
Mnemonic
6
0
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Sentences

                
Not a single word did he say.
                 
Listen to at least a bit of what I'm saying!
                       
I'd like to have you give a few words, can I ask you to do that?
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(particle) to, for, on, in, at; in order to, for; as for, regarding (indicates respect for subject of sentence); while it is (was) the case that ..., indeed ... (but), certainly ... (but)
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ライトウ ≥^..^≤
Level: 804
*𝗜𝗻 𝗼𝗿𝗱𝗲𝗿 𝘁𝗼* stay hydrated, I "need water"「NIWA には」.
Mnemonic
6
0
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Sentences

           
Grass grows a lot in the summer.
            
This house is very comfortable to live in.
            
I've had enough of this program.
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みっ 

Accent: ,
(noun) three (used for counting objects); (noun) three years of age
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武智明
Level: 472
MITSUbishi cars logo literally means three diamonds
Mnemonic
17
0
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フロラ
Level: 161
Unless you want three strikes, don't miss (み)
Mnemonic
4
0
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JulieJulie
Level: 424
み (mi) rhymes with three.
Mnemonic
2
0
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Sentences

                 
This liquid can be resolved into three elements.
              
Give me three ice creams, please.
                 
He can speak freely in three foreign languages.
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こと

Accent:
(noun) language, dialect; word, phrase, expression, term; speech, (manner of) speaking, (use of) language; words, remark, statement, comment; learning to speak, language acquisition
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Usage notes

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Norkestra
Level: 367
Difference between 単語 and 言葉:

Both definitions say "word" in them. However, 言葉 is used more abstractly than 単語 . 言葉 is more about words as a whole, language. It means word in sentences like "He was at a loss for words" or "Her words were cruel", rather than "Memorize this word" the latter example is more appropriate to use 単語 for
Meaning
47
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Shamugan
Level: 744
(language, word, etc) + (leaves, piece) -> language's element.
At first, I heard it mainly for "word" but later, I saw it in a lot of different contexts and from the kanji, I end up with that translation. It can contextually mean all the definitions you see on renshuu. The more common one in my experience are still "word" and "language" but that's just me and so far.
Meaning
17
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Shamugan
Level: 744
単語 refer more specifically to individual word while 言葉 has a broader meaning and can also refer to multiple linguistic element like phrases, sentences, etc. Edit: 単語 refer to the smallest unit in japanese which are not always/exactly "word". For example た (the ending kana in the past casual tense) is a 単語.
How to use
58
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ソンゴクジダイ
Level: 328
文字 is the individual letters that make up a word, such as 単 and 語, or 言 and 葉.

単語 is the word for word, but in a sense of memorising a word list for a Japanese quiz.

言葉 is the word for word, when you are trying to talk or have a conversation.

言葉がわかりません, "I don't understand that word".
How to use
2
0
NEW
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moonkie
Level: 367
*Co*rn, *to*rn and *ba*rn are examples of words
Mnemonic
32
0
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ra111n
Level: 396
there's no point to calling people who don't speak your *language*. why would you CALL TO BA-rely understand each other?
Mnemonic
18
0
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Hitobitokun
Level: 131
I write every word he says 言 on a leaf 葉
Mnemonic
11
0
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シュテケン
Level: 132
If you've used it, Kotoba (on the renshuu Discord) is a good way of memorizing *words*!
Mnemonic
11
0
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TheGPT
Level: 132
I do all my LANGUAGE studying in October(o-kotoba)
Mnemonic
10
0
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Jules.33
Level: 37
I don’t know if they would let me into a Kyoto bar (ことば), because I don’t speak the LANGUAGE.
Mnemonic
7
0
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スべん
Level: 132
Every code base (KO-TO-BA) has it's own programming LANGUAGE.
Mnemonic
3
0
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insomniacsunny
Level: 242
kotoba is a bot on discord that helps with the japanese *language*
Mnemonic
2
0
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Pigu_
Level: 279
call toba with your language
Mnemonic
2
0
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andrewpa
Level: 133
A "cut above" is an expression in English.
Mnemonic
2
0
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Sentences

                
The beauty of the lake is beyond description.
                
His words moved her to tears.
                  
I quoted some famous phrases in my book.
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へん

Accent:
(noun/する verb) reply, answer, response
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Usage notes

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Anonymous123
Level: 1590
generic term for reply or response
How to use
170
0
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Ontama-chan
Level: 1071
They call him Stone HENGE-Y because it’s like talking to a brick wall - he never replies.
Mnemonic
149
0
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treesareprettygreat
Level: 109
My decision hinges (henji -s) on your response!
Mnemonic
25
0
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Samurai_Ash
Level: 81
Sorry, there's no REPLY from the hen and Ji-sus.
Mnemonic
14
0
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Rosx77
Level: 440
Benji got a HENJI from anna
Mnemonic
14
0
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Coryiodine
Level: 130
Don't leave me "hanging", へんじ!
Mnemonic
13
0
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vega860
Level: 48
Visualize a hen named G, renowned for being a tough gangster in the barnyard.
Despite her formidable reputation, she doesn't speak much; instead, she only replies to questions by nodding slightly.

This quirky behavior makes her stand out and links directly to the meaning of 返事 (へんじ, henji), which means "reply" or "answer."
Mnemonic
7
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ajqe・アンナ
Level: 206
If you’re texting a girl you might feel anxious and ask yourself “wHEN will SHE reply?” (Henji)
Mnemonic
3
0
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imanoctothorpe
Level: 35
After the rooster crowed COCK A DOODLE DOO in the morning, the HEN REPLIED "GEE, can you pipe down? It's too early for this"
Mnemonic
1
0
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Pixel725
Level: 98
I got a strange () character () as a response!
Mnemonic
1
0
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Bluesky238
Level: 284
I always get on edge (henji) when I have to wait for a reply
Mnemonic
1
0
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Sentences

          
I will answer within three days.
                
His answer depends on his mood.
               
He lost no time answering the letter.
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Accent:
(する verb/transitive,intransitive) to do, to carry out, to perform; to cause to become, to make (into), to turn (into); to serve as, to act as, to work as; to wear (clothes, a facial expression, etc.); to judge as being, to view as being, to think of as, to treat as, to use as; to decide on, to choose; to be sensed (of a smell, noise, etc.); to be (in a state, condition, etc.); to be worth, to cost; to pass (of time), to elapse; to place, or raise, person A to a post or status B; to transform A to B, to make A into B, to exchange A for B; to make use of A for B, to view A as B, to handle A as if it were B; to feel A about B; (suffix) (suru verb - included) verbalizing suffix (applies to nouns noted in this dictionary with the part of speech "vs"); (auxiliary verb) (suru verb - included) creates a humble verb (after a noun prefixed with "o" or "go"); (auxiliary verb) (suru verb - included) to be just about to, to be just starting to, to try to, to attempt to
View usage notes (10)

Usage notes

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compmyon
Level: 1428
Various verbs for putting things on one's body (unrelated senses not mentioned):
- 着る: To wear upper body or full body clothing, usually through arm sleeves. It is used more generally when used with clothing in general e.g. 服を着る, when used in compounds such as 着こなす, 着込む, etc., in certain collocations, and other cases.
- 履く: To wear on the feet, such as shoes and socks.
- 穿く: To wear lower body clothing, such as pants and skirts. Usually kana.
- 掛ける: To hook/hang something on one's body, such as glasses, bags, pendants. Usually kana.
- 被る: To wear on/cover the head/face, such as hats and masks.
- 嵌める: To put on something that envelops, such as rings and gloves. Usually kana.
- 羽織る: To wear items not through sleeves, but e.g. by putting on one's shoulders and fastening buttons, such as coats and gowns. See 羽織.
- 着ける: To wear something, encompasses 着る, はく, etc. and includes accessories (glasses, necklaces, rings, etc.). Often in kana or as 付ける.
- 身に着ける: Essentially the same as 着ける. Often with つける in kana or with 付ける.
- 着する: Essentially the same as 着ける, though more formal.
- 着用(する): Essentially the same as 着ける, though more formal.
- する: To wear accessories (glasses, necklaces, rings, etc.), to be showing an expression, to have a certain quality, etc.
- 纏う: To wrap or wear something around the whole of or part of one's body. Usually kana.

Other verbs:
- 佩く: To affix to one's hip, such as a sword. Usually kana.
- 帯びる: To wear, to carry, usually of a sword on one's hip or an insignia.
- 提げる: To hang from the shoulder or waist or hold hanging from the hand. Also as 下げる.
- 突っかける: To slip on, to quickly wear shoes, slippers, etc.
- 召す: Honorific (尊敬語) form for 着る, e.g. 和服をお召しになる.

Sources:
- 使い方の分かる 類語例解辞典
- 大辞林
- 明鏡国語辞典
- Tofugu
Meaning
162
0
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MrCharms
Level: 1259
"to cause to become", transitive counterpart to なる
Meaning
90
0
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🌩セージ.𝓡_8卦掌天𝓚𝓪𝓲𝖙𝖊𝖓⚡
Level: 579
行う is basically similar to する but 行う sounds more formal and stiff.
The more formal the situation is, the more likely 行う is chosen.
It can also be used in sentences where it usually sounds grandiose.
It can also appear in casual conversations.
There is also a verb 執り行う which sounds even stiffer and is only used with big ceremonies such as wedding ceremonies.
Meaning
18
0
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lialuvz
Level: 49
To wear small items (necktie, watch etc.)
Meaning
2
0
NEW
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SFレクイエム
Level: 426
する is one of the two irregular verb conjugations. To conjugate into this present form you would use します.
How to use
111
0
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richie_royce
Level: 453
I have things suru(to do).
Mnemonic
62
0
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DrLuvstruk
Level: 74
Monkey (さる) see, monkey do (する)
Mnemonic
27
0
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Jen GP
Level: 1033
Mr. Sulu has a lot To Do on board the Enterprise.
Mnemonic
26
0
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Oran128
Level: 232
Suru sounds like sudo, a Linux codeword that means "Super User DO."
Mnemonic
9
0
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「 ソフィア 」
Level: 246
To conjugate する, I like to think that it’s a godan and an ichidan verb at the same time. So to conjugate the stem the ichidan would do する -> す and the godan would do す -> し. Then I know that the stem of する is し.
Mnemonic
4
0
Add usage note

Sentences

       
Make yourself at ease.
           
I'll see you next month.
          
He gave a short talk.
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Accent:
(Godan verb - る (ます = stem+ります)/intransitive) to understand, to comprehend, to grasp, to see, to get, to follow; to become clear, to be known, to be discovered, to be realized, to be realised, to be found out; (interjection) I know!, I think so too!
View usage notes (9)

Usage notes

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Ontama-chan
Level: 1071
You may know ( しる ) of the story of Alice in Wonderland, but in order to comprehend ( わかる ) the book it has to be written in a language you can read!
Meaning
273
0
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Ontama-chan
Level: 1071
わけ is the same root meaning as わかる and わける - the idea of something being split open/broken down to its constituent parts (and therefore analysable). わかる is the verb of the subject itself acting analysable/comprehensible/split open, わける is the verb of the subject splitting open/making comprehensible/analysing something else, and わけ is the matching noun concept of reasoning/analysis/logical conclusion/causality.

The kanji were added to all three of these words much later after the verbal language developed, so the different kanji options in writing will just be used to emphasise particular nuances for the verbs (e.g. if you want to talk more about physical splitting rather than metaphorical analysing)
Meaning
55
0
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TheMysticPanda
Level: 631
Indicates more depth of knowledge -- the negative form can also be a "softer" no when asked if you know something.

[nihognodaybydayenglish.blogspot.com]
How to use
82
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十十じーげ
Level: 263
I have wakaru (worked) it out
Mnemonic
37
0
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ajqe・アンナ
Level: 206
Young people (わかい) have a good understanding (わかる)
Mnemonic
25
0
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コレット
Level: 61
We all understand that しる (she rules), but did you comprehend that わかる (Wakanda rules)?
Mnemonic
17
0
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elsathecow
Level: 51
Take a minute (), can (か) you understand? (分かる)
Mnemonic
6
0
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ライアンでいい
Level: 1189
In order to properly 分ける divide / distinguish things, you must first 分かる understand them.
Mnemonic
5
0
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Jules.33
Level: 37
I picture the kanji as the light of UNDERSTANDING coming down from above ハ and cutting 刀 through ignorance. {Just like the image of the lightbulb in the picture above}.
Mnemonic
2
0
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Sentences

              
He is blind to his own defects.
              
I knew that box was empty.
                
The notice could not be made out by the students.
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みぎ

(noun) right hand; right-hand side, right-hand direction, (on) the right

Usage notes

Sentences

         
Raise your right hand.
          
She burnt her right hand.
   かれ          
I took the right fork of the road.
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(particle) indicates the subject of a sentence; indicates possession; (conjunction) (particle) but, however, (and) yet, though, although, while; and; used after an introductory remark or explanation; regardless of ..., whether ... (or not), no matter ...; indicates a desire or hope; softens a statement (at sentence end); indicates doubt (at sentence end); indicates scorn (after a noun at the end of an interjection)
View usage notes (2)

Usage notes

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プリマドック
Level: 858
Can also be placed at the end of a clause to show that the following clause is different or unexpected. It essentially makes it a BUT statement. Example: 多い友だちがいるーがー全てが優しくない。(I have many friends BUT none of them are nice.)
How to use
120
0
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ライトウ ≥^..^≤
Level: 804
Notes from Kaname Naito's YouTube Video "けど Is Not Always But"
(use hlthere's link to view the video)
1. used to express opposition or contrast of two sentences (e.g. 頑張って勉強したけど、試験に落ちた。I studied hard, "but" failed the exam.)
2. used to introduce condition or situation before main point (e.g. さっき田中さんにメロンもらったんだけど、食べる? Tanaka gave me a melon just now, do you want to eat it? - where 食べる/do you want to eat it? is the main point)
3. used to request someone do something without directly stating the request/command, which could sound impolite or too invasive if stated directly (e.g. すみません、さっき注文したビールまだ来てないんですけど。Excuse me, we still haven't gotten the beer we ordered. - here けど implies 早くしてください please bring it quickly, without actually saying it)
4. used to identify yourself over the phone to people who already know you (e.g. もしもし? 要だけど。Hello, it's Kaname.)
5. the function of けど and are basically the same, but is more formal and is used more for very formal speech and writing, whereas けど is used more often when speaking, especially casually
How to use
33
0
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Sentences

        
I have a stomachache.
       
I can't get rid of my cold.
      
The sky has become clear.
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~ 

(prefix) (honorific) (polite) (humble) honorific/polite/humble prefix
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Usage notes

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qixzie
Level: 279
Fist rule: When used as a prefix for nouns, if the noun has a Japanese origin (i.e. kun-yomi) or represents tangible day to day things お is used. If it is Chinees in origin (on-yomi) or represents more abstract things, ご is used.
How to use
222
0
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嵐波渡・サラ
Level: 361
Summary from selftaughtjapanese.com:
The technical rule is that お~ is used for words with the kunyomi, or Japanese reading while ご~ is used for words with the onyomi, or Chinese reading. However, this rule is not always right, so just default to using words with prefixes when you've heard it used that way before.
Read the whole article here:
[selftaughtjapanese.com]
How to use
11
0
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Sentences

              
Look at that building. Is it a temple?
             
Are you free on Friday afternoon?
                
When was this temple built?
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Accent:
(noun/する verb) absence, being away from home; house-sitting, house-sitter; being left unattended to (of one's studies, etc.), neglecting
View usage notes (7)

Usage notes

avatar
cream00
Level: 311
it originally mean being at home. for this meaning, people usually say...
留守番 (the one look after at home) or 留守を頼む (asking for someone to stay at home)

for meaning of " being away from home" people will say things like...
来週は留守にする。 next week will not be at hone
Meaning
101
0
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Ringotoki
Level: 225
留守 reffers to house being empty/unattended or no one being in there. E.g. 今、留守です -- "I'm not home right now". But adding at the end(which means not only "number" but also guarding/watching) changes its meaning to staying behind to take care of the house while others are out or just house sitting 留守番.
Meaning
12
0
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Shamugan
Level: 744
留 (staying) + 守 (protection) -> Staying and protecting your home.
The first meaning of that word in some Japanese dictionaries is roughly "While the owner is away, someone is guarding the house". So the first meaning is closer to the 2nd definition. While the others are secondary meaning that came later like cream00 explained.
Meaning
4
0
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ツァウディービー
Level: 267
if you RUSU (lose) your home, you will forever be away from it.
Mnemonic
55
0
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fauserbu
Level: 752
I have to stop (留) guarding/protecting (守) my home for a bit while I head out
Mnemonic
17
0
avatar
ヨルダ
Level: 221
For remembering the kanji:
looks like people working on the field (), so they are not home.
means protect so they are absent to protect the home. They cannot do this if they are inside.
Mnemonic
9
0
avatar
while1fork
Level: 384
“Hey, I visited but you were AWAY FROM HOME, what were you doing?”
“Not much, just hanging LOOSE.”
Mnemonic
7
0
Add usage note

Sentences

        
I'm sorry my mother is not at home.
            
Every time I call on you, you're out.
                 
I'm the most carefree when my husband is lively and out of the house.
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(particle) (inflectional ending used with な-adjectives and nouns); don't (prohibitive; used with dictionary form verb); do (instruction; used with stem form verb); (interjection) hey, listen, look, say (used to get someone's attention or press one's point); now, ..., well, ..., I tell you!, you know (when seeking confirmation, for emphasis, etc.; used at sentence end); wow, ooh (used to express admiration, emotionality, etc.; used at sentence end); right?, isn't it?, doesn't it?, don't you?, don't you think? (used as a request for confirmation or agreement; used at sentence end)
View usage notes (4)

Usage notes

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ナンセンスユーザー
Level: 1314
The 2nd meaning is short for なさい, and is usually mentioned in the flat-tone, in contrast to the 1st meaning/usage which is usually mentioned in a rising-tone.
How to use
152
0
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スーン (UNQSPM)
Level: 234
食べな = Eat up. (from 食べなさい) (such as a command made by a parent)

食べるな = Don’t eat!
How to use
37
0
avatar
うみのかふか
Level: 156
"~な" has two seemingly conflicting meanings of "do" and "don't" because ”~な” can be used as a contraction of either (1) "~なさい" (i.e., "do") or (2) "~ない" (i.e., "don't").

To distinguish the two:
(1) ~なさい only attaches to the い-stem of verbs or to the base of an ichidan verb (e.g. これをたべな = "(do) eat this"). So, if you see ~な after a verb's い-stem, it indicates a command to do something (as なさい).
(2) However, ~ない can attach in all other cases, i.e. after the dictionary form of a verb and/or after a complete logical clause (e.g. これをたべるな = "don't eat this"). So, if you see ~な outside a verb's い-stem, it indicates a prohibitive command (as ない).
How to use
15
0
avatar
☆ レモン
Level: 175
NAH (な), DON'T do that
Mnemonic
68
0
Add usage note

Sentences

  あげる   
Keep your head down.
         
Whose side are you on?
             
I feel comfortable in her company.
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(particle) indicates direct object of action; indicates subject of causative expression; indicates an area traversed; indicates time (period) over which action takes place; indicates point of departure or separation of action; indicates object of desire, like, hate, etc.
View usage notes (6)

Usage notes

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TheMysticPanda
Level: 631
Basically pronounced "o" in this context
How to use
46
0
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アイキス
Level: 452
Person Event 誘う→To invite a person to an event

Eg: ジョンさんはマリさんを映画に誘いました。→John invited Mary to the movies.
How to use
20
0
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MuMe
Level: 917
Pronounced as 'O', not as 'Wo'. The sound is actually extremely close to that of お.
But to write を on a Japanese keyboard based on the English layout you will need to type 'wo'.
How to use
8
0
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カンセル
Level: 221
"O" is for "Object".
Mnemonic
9
0
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mekaririi
Level: 6
Pronounced as O, (apparently), but think of it as a man on a surfboard!
"WOw!! I can surf!!!!"
Mnemonic
4
0
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ペルセフォネ
Level: 178
A long time ago in a land far, far away (Nara period, which wasn't that long ago) (in Japan, which isn't particularly far because plane), this was once pronounced /wo/, similar to わ. Over many (actually just nine) centuries, this slowly merged with /o/ (お) to become the を we know today around the Edo period.

It's still を when used as a particle, though every case that was once /wo/ was replaced with お when Japan decided to standardize kana.
Other
31
0
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Sentences

        
I closed my umbrella.
便       
Keep in touch.
        
We caught the thief.
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なん  

Accent:
(adverb) something, something or other, so-and-so; (adverb) (can take the する suffix) somehow, anyhow, one way or another (handling, dealing with)
View usage notes (5)

Usage notes

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ALIGHT
Level: 651
どうやら means "apparently", "seemingly" (1)

どうにか is the same as なんとか means "somehow", "kinda" indicates that the subject found some way to verb (2)

なんとなく means "somehow", "kinda" -> indicates that the subject sort-of ended up verbing OR means "I somehow feel" (3)

1)2)3)is completely difference and not use interchangeable

1)
どうやら迷子になったようだ ... Looks like we're lost.

2)
どうにかここにたどりついた ... I managed to get here. / I got here somehow.

3)
なんとなく空を見上げた ... I looked up the sky unintentionally/without a purpose.

なんとなく居心地が悪い
Somehow I didn't know why, but I felt uncomfortable in the room.

そのことを何となく覚えている
I have a vague memory of it.
How to use
38
0
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Kepilo
Level: 171
Uses of 何とか
When you manage to complete something with great difficulty → A positive result after maximum effort (何とかした, 何とかできた)
When you want to express strong determination → "I will do whatever it takes to make it happen" (何とかする)
When searching for a solution, even without knowing the specific method → Used when wanting to try every possible means (何とかする or 何とかなる)
When promising to get something done → Indicates a strong intention and a bit of positive insistence (何とかする)
How to use
27
0
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オハイオのデビー
Level: 1136
One way or another, you need to tell NAN TO CAll {なんとか}
Mnemonic
10
0
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while1fork
Level: 384
“You look loopy as heck! NAN (, what) the heck was in that TOKE-AH from that bong?!”
“Oh man, I don’t even know, it was SOMETHING OR OTHER …”
Mnemonic
3
0
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Elenol
Level: 260
何 what
何か something, somehow
とか and the like, or something

何とか something or other, one way or another
Mnemonic
1
0
NEW
Add usage note

Sentences

             
I'm glad that I was somehow able to graduate.
          こと  できた   
I was somehow able to finish work.
                  
Can't I somehow pass the exam?
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べつ 

Accent:
(adverb) (not) particularly, (not) especially, (not) specially (with neg. sentence); separately, apart, additionally, extra
View usage notes (4)

Usage notes

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Samurai_Ash
Level: 81
This term can also mean "Nothing" or "No reason"

Example
"Why are you smiling?
別に - No reason."
How to use
494
0
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SpazzleFox
Level: 98
Person: I べつに (bet you need) this.
Me: not particularly, no.
Mnemonic
219
0
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「亜嵐」レッドフラグダイバー
Level: 49
BETS (betsu) are not really a good way to make moNEY (ni)
Mnemonic
40
0
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Suoira
Level: 207
kids don't particularly/really need BEDS that go past the typical adults' KNEE
Mnemonic
3
0
Add usage note

Sentences

            
I don't think it's that bad.
             ・・・  
"What are you thinking about?" "Nothin'..."
             
I'm not particularly busy at work today.
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わがまま

Accent: ,
(Adjective/-な) selfish, egoist; (archaism) self-indulgent, wilful, willful
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Usage notes

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ハンユ38
Level: 416
わがまま: selfish by being pushy about a wish or will
自分勝手: selfish by only thinking about oneself, ignoring others
Meaning
3
0
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うみのかふか
Level: 156
わが + まま = lit. "my unchanged condition". It conveys a desire for the world to go in accordance with one's own will -- i.e. in accordance with one's selfish desire.
Meaning
2
0
NEW
Add usage note

Sentences

              
You can't always be selfish (referring to things that the listener is saying).
                 
They'd be so cute if only they weren't selfish.
                      
That kid is not selfish once or twice, but all the time.
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なん 

Accent:
(conjunction) how ...!, what ...!; (interjection) what?, what's that?

Usage notes

Sentences

    なんて     こと   
How cold it was in the room!
  なんて          こと   
Thrift is alien to my nature.
         なんて        
I just can't believe that I got a 0 (points) on the test.
See more sentences
 

Accent:
(Godan verb - う/transitive) to say, to utter, to declare; to name, to call; to go (e.g. "the alarm went ping"), to make a noise
View usage notes (8)

Usage notes

avatar
ギョルギ九十三
Level: 708
言う (いう) is the most basic and neutral. It simply means to put something into words. It doesn't require a listener. The focus is on the verbalised words themselves.

これは日本語で何と言いますか? = "How do you say this in Japanese?"

—————————

話す (はなす) shifts the focus toward communication. It normally assumes some kind of interaction or listener. It's what you use for speaking a language (日本語を話す) and for having a conversation (先生と話した).

少し日本語を話せます = "I can speak a little Japanese."

—————————

しゃべる is basically a casual version of 話す. It means to talk or chat, but it carries a lighter, sometimes slightly negative nuance. You wouldn't use it in formal situations.

彼はよくしゃべる = "He talks a lot" or "He chats a lot" (can be used in a negative sense).

—————————

語る (かたる) feels heavier and more deliberate. It's used when someone recounts something in a structured way—a story, a life experience, a belief system. It often has a literary, emotional, or thematic depth to it.

Both of these mean "I talk to my friend(s) about music", but the one using 語る implies a more deliberate, deeper conversation.

友達と音楽について語る。
友達と音楽について話す。

—————————

述べる (のべる) is formal and often appears in writing, speeches, or official contexts. It's commonly used with things like 意見 or 考え. It means to state or express something in a structured, often objective way.
You wouldn't normally use it in casual conversation with friends; it feels academic/formal.

自分の意見を述べた = "I expressed my opinion." (formal/structured)
自分の意見を言った = "I said my opinion." (casual/spoken)

—————————

Sources: [ja.hinative.com]| [www.youtube.com]| [japanese.stackexchange.com]
How to use
37
5
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只者
Level: 349
言う is sometime pronounced as ゆう instead of いう in casual situation
How to use
14
0
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rnavega
Level: 9
Frequently paired with particle と for use with quoting/describing: という
There's also a casual slang version of this pair: って
How to use
6
0
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ツァウディービー
Level: 267
did you hear what they said? ewwWWW!
Mnemonic
63
0
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moonkie
Level: 367
Are you gonna just let her call IU that??? Say something!
Mnemonic
11
0
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Pigu_
Level: 279
the ambulance said, "iiiiiiiiiiiuuuuu......iiiiiiiiiiiiiuuuuu....".

yes I know ambulances don't speak but this one was in an emergency, so one has to improvise sometimes....
Mnemonic
5
0
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エ-ポイ
Level: 80
言って - ヨルシカ

Say It - Yorushika
Mnemonic
1
0
avatar
Nuwd
Level: 110
they say/utter/declare lots of things in the EU :)
Mnemonic
1
0
Add usage note

Sentences

           
Mother said that she was all right.
          
They do nothing but complain.
            
They are always complaining.
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(other) abbreviation of いる when following て form of verb; used to express approval, especially in slurred or unclear speech (abbr. of interjection "un"); negative verb ending used in informal speech (abbr. of negative verb ending "nu"); abbr. of particle "no"; abbr. of particle "ni" (used especially when it precedes the verb "naru")
View usage notes (3)

Usage notes

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thammer
Level: 109
Conversational contraction. しているんだ。ー> してんだ。
How to use
8
0
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gillianfaith
Level: 1323
re: sense 3

Confusingly, after the negative stem of a verb can be both a contraction of the negative ない / ending, or of the archaic volitional ending -- which have completely opposite meanings.

Fortunately the volitional verb ending (which is a different dictionary entry, flagged as an archaism) is rather uncommon in modern speech and mostly restricted to specific grammar patterns or intentionally formal/stylistic use of archaic language, so you don't often have to guess whether what looks like a negative is actually a positive.
How to use
5
0
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Shamugan
Level: 744
For the first meaning, ん is most likely not a contraction of いる after the て form but rather a contraction of る.
In the case of ~ている, the contraction is done in two step:
~ている -> ~てる -> ~てん

And that last る -> ん contraction can also be use with verb ending in る like:
する->すん
来る->来ん
It's particularly common when combined with the particle (the "not" one) for comical effects in casual conversation between friends. As in:
すんな (DON'T do that!)
来んな (DON'T come here!)
One of my favorite example is:
"話しかけてくんな"
Which is quite rude but gives a "Don't you dare come to talk to me!" vibes between friends. That the kind of feeling it can creates (so be careful with that).
Other than that, the ら->ん contraction is also possible as in:
分からない -> 分かんない
Which is relatively common too in casual speech between friends.

I tried to search for some formal explanation but couldn’t find anything that could give me a final answer. Apparently, it could be either some kind of dialect or a general kind of contraction where the entire ラ行 (the ら, れ, る, り, ろ sounds) and な行 (the な, に, ぬ, の, ねsounds) can be replaced with ん. At that point, I gave up because both feel correct and I couldn’t access to more information (nor can I still read research level article… for now). I pretty sure some of those ん contraction are really common mainly because of the kansai dialect combined with manzai comedy for example. But at the same time, I also feel like native used that contraction a bit randomly trough Japanese history. Hence why you have that damn ん which can mean either る、ら、に、の、ぬ、etc. I got traumatized by that ん when I first started to talk with some japanese friends and also when watching youtube. Hope that explanation will help you at least a bit for that (Also now, it’s fun and ん contraction + kansai ben + manzai → best way to make Japaneses laugh)

PS : Just remembered another one but I’m not redoing the entire explanation for that, so I will just leave that here :
やるのか?→ やんのか? (“wanna fight ?” with a fake yankee vibe kinda, very common between friends)
So, that る → ん contraction can theoretically be applied to any verb with a る ending but in practice, it’s not used everywhere. Like, it’s not common in standard written Japanese, it’s not really “grammatical” either but it’s still extremely common in casual spoken Japanese (especially in those expression). So yeah, don’t know if that explanation is useful or confusing anymore but at least, you will be aware of them if you encounter those expression in the wild x)
Other
4
0
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Sentences

               
Don't pull it. Push it open.
        
I am not a morning person.
        
I have a fever.
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~   

(suffix) from (e.g. time, place, numerical quantity), since; from (originator), by; because, since (follows verbs, adjectives); out of (constituent, part); through (e.g. window, vestibule); after, since (following the te-form of a verb); expresses sympathy or warning
View usage notes (5)

Usage notes

avatar
プリマドック
Level: 858
Can also function as the word 'because' when it is put at the end of the first, or last clause, that provides the reason or explanation to the other clause.
Example:
肉の産物を売りすぎていくから、あの食料品店にもう買い物して行かない。
or
あの食料品店にもう買い物して行かないのは、肉の産物を売りすぎていくから。
"I don't shop at that grocery store anymore because they started to sell too many meat products there."
How to use
130
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スーン (UNQSPM)
Level: 234
Punctuation when used as ‘because’:
cause から、result。
result。cause から。
How to use
23
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うみのかふか
Level: 156
から and ので / なので both mean "because". However:

から attaches to subjective explanations (i.e. personal desires, intentions, and opinions). Also, with nouns/adjectival nouns (な-adjectives), you need to use the connector だ --> (noun/な-adjective) + だから.

ので attaches to objective explanations (i.e. generally accepted facts/info). Also, with nouns/adjectival nouns (な-adjectives), you need to use the connector な --> (noun/な-adjective) + なので.
E.g. It would be inappropriate to say "日本に行くので日本語を勉強した" since "日本に行く" expresses a personal desire/intention.
How to use
7
0
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ラッン
Level: 236
where are you from? KARAfornia!
Mnemonic
48
0
avatar
Userwillow
Level: 120
Kara is from k(c)anada
Mnemonic
2
0
Add usage note

Sentences

      
All through the day.
          
Paper is made from wood.
         
I awoke from a long dream.
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きみ

Accent:
(noun) (familiar language) you, buddy, pal (sometimes considered male language; referring to someone of equal or lower status); (noun) monarch, ruler, sovereign, (one's) master (orig. meaning); (polite) (obsolete) he, she
View usage notes (3)

Usage notes

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Turru
Level: 602
Husband might call his wife with this and a wife might call him "あなた" as a way to say "Honey" or "Dear"
Meaning
62
0
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Samurai_Ash
Level: 81
From Niko: NHS
’Until you get very, very good at Japanese and can discern the nuances and politeness of various words in a given situation, I would avoid using this... and just about any word for "you," really’.
How to use
151
0
avatar
Rosx77
Level: 440
Kimi ni todoke (君に届け) = from me to YOU
Mnemonic
16
0
Add usage note

Sentences

           
That looks smart on you.
         
You broke the rule.
           
He asked after you.
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こころ  

(adverb) from the bottom of one's heart, heartily, sincerely

Usage notes

Sentences

                  
During my trip, I was able to fully relax.
                             
Being fired from work, I was deeply sorry for my actions.
                                        
Thanks to everyone the event ended without any problems. I thank you from my heart.
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おも 

Accent:
(Godan verb - う/transitive) to think, to consider, to believe, to reckon; to think (of doing), to plan (to do); to judge, to assess, to regard; to imagine, to suppose, to dream; to expect, to look forward to; to feel, to be (in a state of mind), to desire, to want; to recall, to remember
View usage notes (13)

Usage notes

avatar
マイコー
Level: 328
思う, when used as "to think", is used for stating an opinion or feeling that you already have. It is not the actual act/process of thinking about something.

"I think this is cool" < use 思う

考える, however, the act of thinking.

"I will think about my future" < use 考える
How to use
384
0
avatar
WilliamLu
Level: 166
Omm.... I'll (おも) have to *think* about it.
Mnemonic
105
0
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TheMysticPanda
Level: 631
Reminds me of おもしろい -- I always think of that as "I [think/feel] this is interesting".
Mnemonic
92
0
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SugarV
Level: 55
I need a mo(おもう)ment to think about this…
Mnemonic
26
0
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Lord Volt
Level: 796
Atlas, who cares something omoi, has a lot of time to omou
Mnemonic
5
0
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デビンツクヨミ
Level: 387
First you meditate, then you have a breakthrough: ommm, ouh!
Mnemonic
5
0
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Jules.33
Level: 37
He’s the CHIEF おも, I think おもう. He looks IMPORTANT.
Mnemonic
5
0
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エター!
Level: 57
to me, 思 looks kind of like a guy with a window to see in his brain, what he's *thinking* about.
Mnemonic
4
0
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MiT_Epona
Level: 234
When something is interesting, it makes you think. おもしろい and おもう are those words.
Mnemonic
3
0
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Xilmi
Level: 287
Since I want to lose weight I often think おもう about how heavy おもい I am.
Mnemonic
3
0
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マフィンマフィン
Level: 225
I think おもう (Omurice) -オムライス- is probably my favorite food.
Mnemonic
1
0
avatar
Suoira
Level: 207
"OH MOE, OOf... he always reckons/supposes (opinionates) the weirdest things. he should think before he speaks
Mnemonic
1
0
avatar
ポールおじちゃん
Level: 1765
Also written as: 褱う
Other
41
0
Add usage note

Sentences

       
I think it will be fine.
          
I suppose he will be late.
           
I calculate he will be late coming home.
See more sentences
  

Accent:
(Adjective/-い) wanting (to have), desiring, wishing for; I want (you, them, etc.) to (do) (after the -te form of a verb)
View usage notes (11)

Usage notes

avatar
gillianfaith
Level: 1323
欲しい/ほしい is often translated as the verb "to want", but it is technically an ADJECTIVE for describing something that is desired. You can think of the literal translation as something more like "wanted" or "wantable". e.g. X が ほしい です, "X is wanted (by me)".
Meaning
213
0
avatar
gillianfaith
Level: 1323
The adjective 欲しい/ほしい ("wanted") is generally for describing what the SPEAKER wants, or as a question of what someone else might want. It shouldn't be used to describe what someone else wants with any certainty, because the only desires you should be certain about are your own.

To talk about someone else's desires, the verb 欲しがる/ほしがる ("to show signs of wanting") is used instead. In the same vein, using 欲しがる to talk about your own desires or to question what someone else wants is unnatural, because you or the person you're asking shouldn't be uncertain about your own experiences.
How to use
206
0
avatar
gillianfaith
Level: 1323
Because 欲しい is an adjective and not a verb, it is not grammatical to mark the object of desire with . The correct particle to use with the thing being wanted is .
How to use
175
0
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うみのかふか
Level: 156
Grammatical usage of ほしい (as an adjective meaning "is desirous"):
To describe your own desires: (Noun) が + ほしい.
To describe something you want for someone else: (Person) に (Verb て-form) + ほしい.
E.g. 私はともだちに電話をしてほしい = "As for myself, (it) would be desirable for (my) friend to make a call (to me)".

The latter usage case contrasts with the ~たい form, which expresses one's desires for themselves.

To express a desire for someone to not do something, you can either:
(1) make the verb a negative and end with ないでほしい (i.e., use the contraction で to wrap the preceding full logical clause with ほしい) --> translates to "it would be desirous to not do ____"; or
(2) negate ほしい to ほしくない --> translates to "it would not be desirous to ____"
How to use
1
0
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リアンカ
Level: 361
I want a hoshi (horsie) for Christmas
Mnemonic
68
0
avatar
プレーンオールソープ
Level: 190
If you know the vtuber Hoshimachi, stars are a part of her aesthetic. You can think of a *wishing* star.
Mnemonic
10
0
avatar
タンナール
Level: 132
I HOPE SHE Gives me the gift I want!
Mnemonic
6
0
avatar
richie_royce
Level: 453
I want a Hoshii (gucci) bag!
Mnemonic
4
0
avatar
雪雲
Level: 97
Hoshi is a star so you wish on a stat hoshi hoshii.
Mnemonic
1
0
avatar
Jon manilenio
Level: 85
I've always wanted hoshi in super Mario bros!
Mnemonic
1
0
avatar
サスクエル
Level: 377
A lot of people write 欲しい using hirigana
Other
21
0
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Sentences

        
I want that bag.
          
Give me a definite answer.
          
I want something to eat.
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