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JoJo Vocab Lists by Tankobon Volume > JoJo Volume 4 Vocab
Vocab found in vol 4 of JoJo's Bizarre Adventure ジョジョの Phantom Blood ファントムブラッド
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なんこつ
(noun) (anatomical) cartilage; (food) nankotsu, (dish of) gristle (usu. of chicken, deep-fried)
View usage notes (1)

Usage notes

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Rosyth
Level: 70
Pitch accent: flat.
Other
2
0
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Sentences

              
The cartilage has slipped out here.
                  という            
Disk herniation is when cartilage, called 'intervertebral disk' and found between each vertebra, slips out.
あら
(noun) fresh troops, fresh players; newcomer, new employee, new worker; new method, new way, new type

Usage notes

Sentences

                                      
Then what is this I wonder? If it isn't dodgy door-to-door sales then could it be a new kind of pickup technique for the ladies?
 かえ 

(Godan verb - る (ます = stem+ります)/transitive,intransitive) to turn one's head, to look over one's shoulder, to turn around, to look back; to think back (on), to reminisce, to look back (on), to reflect (on)
View usage notes (2)

Usage notes

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🌸やごちゃん🌸
Level: 419
復習
Meaning
2
0
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sbober
Level: 466
The furry cat turns its head back around
Mnemonic
9
0
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Sentences

                      
You must not just think back on your memories forever and ever.
         ことなし には             かもしれない  
Without looking back to examples from our past, we may be unable to see a solution.
                            
Since she is so strikingly beautiful, almost everyone in the street will turn their head back (to look at her).
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はい

Accent:
(noun) back, rear; background, behind the scenes
View usage notes (1)

Usage notes

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川竜
Level: 591
things in the **background** will continue behind() one's back()
Mnemonic
1
0
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Sentences

            
He acted behind the manager's back.
                       
She twists around at a voice behind.
                         
The police say there's someone pulling strings behind the scenes.
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ざこ
(noun) small fish, small fry; (a) nobody, small fry, unimportant person

Usage notes

Sentences

            
This river abounds in small fish.
わかもの

(noun) young person, youngster, young people, (the) youth

Usage notes

Sentences

               
A young man came for the new product.
                      
Throughout the United States large numbers of young people enter college every year.
この                  
This kind of magazine can do harm to young people.
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(Godan verb - く/transitive) to shake and untangle, to shake free from

Usage notes

Sentences

                                       
Two police officers tried to restrain him, but he broke away and ran into a nearby house.
まく

Accent:
(noun) curtain; act (in a play); falling of the curtain, end (of a scene); end, close; case, occasion, role (to play), part, place; (sumo) makuuchi, top division
View usage notes (3)

Usage notes

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スーン (UNQSPM)
Level: 265
This word seems to refer to the curtains of a play or the metaphorical quality of such curtains, which makes it different from the everyday word, カーテン.
Meaning
2
0
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sena_ix
Level: 578
They used the CURTAIN to make(maku) it darker.
Mnemonic
7
0
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Jbart
Level: 1355
Don't close the curtain before my cue まく
Mnemonic
4
0
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Sentences

          
The stage curtain rose.
   うち        
The curtain fell amid the wild applause of the audience.
             
The concert concluded with the National Anthem.
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ひか 
(す verb/transitive) to redeem debts (e.g. of a geisha)

Usage notes


Accent:
(noun) world, society, public; life, lifetime; age, era, period, epoch, generation; reign, rule; the times; (Buddhist) world (of existence)
View usage notes (1)

Usage notes

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テレキャスター
Level: 550
For historical dynasties with recurring given names (Europe, Ancient Egypt, Thailand, Aztec state, etc), 世 is used to denote a monarch's order in their country's list of rulers with the same name (e.g Elizabeth II is エリザベス2世, Louis XIV is ルイ14世, so on and so forth)
Meaning
13
0
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Sentences

          
No road is long with good company. (Lit. "In travel a companion, in life sympathy")
           
Light has come into the world.
           
Everybody loves a winner. [Proverb]
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ほこ 

Accent: ,
(noun) pride, boast, credit (to)
View usage notes (4)

Usage notes

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Hehh
Level: 241
sbを誇りに思う:proud of sb
How to use
2
0
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sena_ix
Level: 578
Having that much dust(hokori) in your room is nothing to PRIDE yourself on!
Mnemonic
13
0
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娜那/なな
Level: 326
Pride is like dust (ほこり), you have to shake it off.
Each time I see this word I remember it because of the lyrics of Lemon.
Mnemonic
1
0
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レトロフューチュリズム
Level: 529
HOCO (homecoming dance) was so amazing, the student council should be RI-lly proud of itself. It's all to their credit.

*My tutor says this word is not often used in the context of talking about being proud of yourself
Mnemonic
1
0
Add usage note

Sentences

          
I am proud of my brother.
              
I am proud of my school.
             
I am proud of my father.
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もうぜん
(noun) fiercely, ferociously, furiously, resolutely

Usage notes

Sentences

                   
As soon as she heard the story, she began to walk fiercely.
ざんこく

Accent:
(Adjective/-な) cruel, brutal, ruthless, merciless, inhuman
View usage notes (2)

Usage notes

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jm27937
Level: 1378
残酷 refers to cruelty in a detached or formal sense. It often conveys a harsh, unfeeling nature, and is used in contexts like describing a cruel fate, merciless acts, or a person's general cruelty. むごい has a more visceral, emotional tone, often evoking feelings or horror, pity, or disgust. It describes cruelty that is particularly shocking, excessive, or disturbing. It's used when discussing violent or disturbing events and can describe physical or emotional cruelty. In essence, 残酷 focuses on the objective quality of cruelty, while むごい highlights the subjective emotional response.
How to use
31
0
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しひろ
Level: 222
Cruel Angel Thesis 残酷な天使のテーゼ
Mnemonic
5
0
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Sentences

               
She appears to me to be cruel.
                
There was once a cruel ruler in the country.
                
Don't be cruel to animals.
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じゅうぶん

Accent:
(Noun/な-adjective) enough, sufficient, plenty, adequate, satisfactory; (adverb) sufficiently, fully, thoroughly, well, perfectly; (noun) (can take the する suffix) (transitive verb) division into ten
View usage notes (5)

Usage notes

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フィラル
Level: 442
分 = tenth (in the old decimal fraction system)
十 = 10

10 out of 10 parts
Meaning
29
0
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鬼利死丹
Level: 224
In the sense of sufficiency 充分 and 十分 are considered different spellings of the same word, though some people prefer the spelling with to avoid confusion with 十分/じゅっぷん
Meaning
21
0
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オハイオのデビー
Level: 1136
TEN MINUTES 十分 is more than 'enough'.
Mnemonic
72
0
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Userwillow
Level: 122
Ten 十 portions 分 are enough for me
Mnemonic
2
0
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Zizichan
Level: 164
I got JEWels, I got BUNs, what else could I want? I got ENOUGH!
Mnemonic
1
0
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Sentences

         
We have enough food now.
             
Do you get enough sleep?
             
He did justice to his talent.
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みなぎ 
(Godan verb - る (ます = stem+ります)/intransitive) to rise high (of water), to overflow, to swell; to be filled with (emotion, energy, etc.), to be bursting with, to be brimming with, to pervade (of an atmosphere, feeling, etc.), to prevail
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Usage notes

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ポールおじちゃん
Level: 1785
Also written as: 漫る
Other
6
0
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Sentences

           
The town was humming with activity.
その              
The air was charged with tension.
             
He is always full of power.
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しん

(noun/する verb) self-confidence, confidence (in oneself)
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Usage notes

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Perwoll
Level: 610
To have self-confidence means to have (faith) -信- in (yourself) -自-.
Mnemonic
8
0
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ハムラ
Level: 1159
Not even an earthquake (地震) can shake my confidence (じしん)!
Mnemonic
6
0
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Osbaldokun
Level: 73
GEE (じ) I need more self-confidence when I SING (しん)
Mnemonic
2
0
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Sentences

         
He has a lot of confidence.
トム           
Tom lacks confidence in himself.
            
He is sure of winning the game.
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かか  

Accent:
(Ichidan verb (ます = stem+ます)/transitive) to hold in one's arms, to carry in one's arms, to carry under one's arm, to hold (one's head) in one's hands; to have (problems, debts, etc.), to take on (a responsibility), to be burdened with (e.g. care of a family member), to have (children, etc.) to provide for; to employ, to have (on one's staff), to hire
View usage notes (6)

Usage notes

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yigitcatak
Level: 197
抱える is used more for holding a feeling or dream etc. like having something in you

Whilst 抱く has a meaning towards living things as in holding in arms or even “hug”
Meaning
24
0
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Kurofuji
Level: 423
This word is generally used for items that carried under one's arm or against one's chest. It can be used with non-physical entities, generally "problems". 抱く (だく) is used for keeping a baby between one's arms.
How to use
18
0
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Mushmellow
Level: 345
From [nantong-japanese.com]
抱く(いだく)is to "have in mind" an abstract idea
抱える is used for people, things, or abstract concepts and has a nuance of "burden" or "responsibility"
How to use
11
0
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LettuceMayo
Level: 58
When you hold a package under your arms, the contents jiggle and makes a KA KA sound.
Mnemonic
11
0
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Uggyboots
Level: 238
If you are holding/carrying a bunch of caca (a juvenile slang term for feces in English) you have a problem. Caca-eru —> kakaeru.
Mnemonic
7
0
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Joquia
Level: 605
I have a lot of problems. How ka-n I change (kaeru) that?
Mnemonic
5
0
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Sentences

                             
As a result of continuing to hold onto his debt, he was unable to return the money and reached personal bankruptcy in the end.
                   
He did not know what to do, and held his head in his hands.
              
He held a package under his arm.
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ととの  

Accent: ,
(Ichidan verb (ます = stem+ます)/transitive) to put in order, to arrange, to tidy up, to fix, to straighten; to adjust, to regulate (e.g. rhythm, tune, one's breathing)
View usage notes (1)

Usage notes

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imanoctothorpe
Level: 35
Dorothy and TOTO (とと) had NO (の) time to prepare for the journey to Oz; they found themselves in the AIR (える) in the tornado immediately!
Mnemonic
1
0
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Sentences

        
I've got to fix my hair.
              
I'll make myself presentable before I go out.
もう             
I want you to straighten the environment a little more.
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(noun/する verb) relaxing, relaxation

Usage notes

Sentences

                     
I often listen to soothing music in order to relax.
                
The hot springs have a relaxing effect.
                        
In order to relax I need to listen to soothing music.
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りょううで
(noun) both arms

Usage notes

Sentences

              
Her arms were bound fast.
                
The mother folded her baby in her arms.
                
The mother took her child in her arms.
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こうげき

Accent:
(noun/する verb) attack, assault, raid, onslaught, offensive; criticism, censure, denunciation, condemnation
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Usage notes

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sena_ix
Level: 578
They ATTACKED the (kou)ld gatekeeper(geki).
Mnemonic
16
0
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Wingsy
Level: 369
You ought to know the 'GEKI' part from 'ShokuGEKI no Soma' - Food WARS, 'ShinGEKI no Kyojin' - ATTACK on Titan, KOUGEKI is just another way to express this.
Mnemonic
7
0
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imanoctothorpe
Level: 35
Gotta CO-ordinate the counter attack so you don't GEt KIlled
Mnemonic
5
0
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Sentences

              
The soldiers resisted the enemy attack.
          
They attacked the enemy.
             
The enemy's attack ceased at dawn.
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がい

Accent:
(Adjective/-な) unexpected, surprising
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Usage notes

avatar
jm27937
Level: 1378
意外 expresses stronger or more objective surprise at an unexpected result, while 案外 conveys mild, often personal surprise when something turns out differently than assumed.
Use 意外 for notable or surprising events, and 案外 for casual realizations like something being easier or more fun than expected.
Meaning
60
0
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emanresU
Level: 367
It was so unexpected; in other words, it was totally outside() of my existing ideas() about what to expect.
Mnemonic
21
0
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bheat
Level: 149
"E-guy" - Imagine an e-guy (IGAI) appearing out of nowhere, totally unexpected.
Mnemonic
8
0
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Flo ・フロ
Level: 298
corpses 遺骸 are outside of 以外 what i expected to see today, so it was quite surprising 意外 when i saw one...
Mnemonic
3
0
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KiraFeh
Level: 642
Something 外 outside of your thoughts 意 would be quite surprising.
Mnemonic
1
0
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レイん|レナ
Level: 219
You're surprised with an unexpected idea (kanji 1) by an outsider (kanji 2).
Mnemonic
1
0
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ケンパチ
Level: 239
A guy いがい gave an out of the box idea , it was unexpected
Mnemonic
1
0
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Sentences

               
Surprisingly, he is the type that worries about being in the public eye.
                         
I thought that I would finally be fired, but surprisingly, I was praised a lot by the department head.
                
To deep-fry tempura is surprisingly difficult.
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かん

Accent:
(noun) perception, intuition, the sixth sense
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Usage notes

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プリマドック
Level: 858
I KAN (can) see dead people...
Mnemonic
27
0
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Rdelav
Level: 373
Intuition is the power to feel even the sweetest 甘い tiny animals 匹 feelings
Mnemonic
4
0
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お水を一つ下さい
Level: 677
Perception KAN be deceiving
Mnemonic
3
0
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飴細工
Level: 955
Can you use your intuition to imagine a (can) ?
Mnemonic
2
0
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Sentences

            だけ      
At the last moment, I rely only on my intuition.
  これ      だけ           
Up until now, I've lived thanks to only my intuition.
                          
I haven't been in a match for many years, so it's only expected that my perception has dulled.
せいぜん
(noun) while alive, during one's lifetime

Usage notes

Sentences

                
He was a great statesman in life.
                      
He wasn't recognized as a great writer until after his death.
                     
It seems that this author was not famous during their lifetime.
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わざ

Accent:
(noun) technique, art, skill, move
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Usage notes

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jm27937
Level: 1378
技 refers to concrete techniques or moves, often physical and performed in the moment, as in martial arts, sports, tricks, or games. It is not used for broad abilities. applies to cultivated performance arts like ballet or acting, and 能力 or to general skills such as language ability.
Meaning
11
0
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レトロフューチュリズム
Level: 529
My Japanese tutor said this word is typically used for things like judo and martial arts. I used it in the context of things like learning Japanese and ballet and she said it sounded strange in that context.
How to use
25
0
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ジェン~1984
Level: 551
Your skill is the foundation of your bussiness 業 わざ
Mnemonic
2
0
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Kenzi Bird
Level: 333
Someone shows off a sick judo move and you go "WAZA?!" in complete shock and amazement
Mnemonic
2
0
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コアレモス
Level: 517
That was (わざ) my secret technique.
Mnemonic
1
0
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ポールおじちゃん
Level: 1785
Also written as:
Other
4
0
Add usage note

Sentences

                
I practice my technique daily to beat my rival.
       いう                   
Considering it's a skill that was handed down from father to only son, his kick isn't that big a deal.
              ことになる  
If I mess up the move, it means that I'll drop out of the preliminaries.
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ごく

Accent:
(noun) (Buddhist) hell realm, Naraka; (Christianity) Hell; hell, misery, nightmare, inferno; place where a volcano or hot springs constantly spew smoke or steam
View usage notes (2)

Usage notes

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emanresU
Level: 367
地獄 = 'land' () that is a 'prison' () = land where you're imprisoned forever = hell

煉獄 = a 'refining/kneading over fire' () 'prison' () = a place where you're imprisoned until you can be refined/purified, perhaps in a cleansing fire = purgatory
Mnemonic
15
0
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オハイオのデビー
Level: 1136
When Goku {jiGOKU} died, he went to a place where there were humanoids with horns that reminded me of hell. {I'm trying to remember that it's じごく, and not じこく.}
Mnemonic
3
0
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Sentences

          
Money is everything.
             
Her kingdom is your hell.
                       
My bonus doesn't come close to covering all the loan payments I have to make.
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しゅぎょうじゃ
(noun) (Buddhist) practitioner of Buddhism; (Buddhist) practitioner of austerities, disciplinant; (martial arts) practitioner of martial arts

Usage notes

しゅうぎょう
(noun/する verb) pursuit of knowledge, studying, learning, training, completing a course

Usage notes

がけ

Accent:
(noun) cliff, precipice; precipice, brink of a dangerous situation
View usage notes (1)

Usage notes

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シン・ソツ
Level: 817
Beneath the cliff* (  がけ), lies the shade (  かげ).
Mnemonic
4
0
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Sentences

             
The old house stands on a cliff.
             
The cliff hangs over the sea.
                
The cliff hangs over the road.
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たいせん

(noun/する verb) fighting (against), taking on (an opponent), facing, confronting, competing (with), battle, fight, contest, match
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Usage notes

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ジェン~1984
Level: 551
Mike TAISEN fighted his opponents inside and outside of the ring.
Mnemonic
3
0
avatar
パンストム (pawnstorm)
Level: 268
Tyson (taisen) is always fighting against people.
Mnemonic
1
0
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Sentences

           
Don't underestimate your opponent.
              
I played against the champion.
                   
My grandfather was killed in World War II.
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(Godan verb - く/intransitive) to win through (e.g. to the next round), to win game after game; to achieve a final victory, to fight to the end and win, to come out on top

Usage notes

Sentences

                          
In short, if we strengthen our defense, we can make it through the prefectural competition.
                
Best of luck in your tournament.
しんけんしょう

(noun) (4-kanji compound) fighting with real swords; (4-kanji compound) game played in real earnest

Usage notes

Sentences

                ・・・                      という            
Oh my. Even if it's just a PE class, if you don't face it in real earnest then it won't do you any good when it comes to a real fight.
うで
(noun) bracelet, bangle

Usage notes

あし
(noun) leg band (e.g. on bird or hospital patient), ring, anklet

Usage notes

  

Accent:
(Ichidan verb (ます = stem+ます)/transitive) to fit (e.g. a pane into a frame), to insert (e.g. a cork), to fasten (a button); to put on (something that envelops; e.g. a ring, gloves), to place (a hoop) around, to attach (e.g. a hose to a tap); to pigeonhole (into a particular category), to force (into a mold), to place (restrictions) on; to entrap, to take (someone) in, to set (someone) up, to deceive; to throw into; (vulgar) (Reveal definition) (colloquialism) to have sex, to fuck
View usage notes (3)

Usage notes

avatar
compmyon
Level: 1429
Various verbs for putting things on one's body (unrelated senses not mentioned):
- 着る: To wear upper body or full body clothing, usually through arm sleeves. It is used more generally when used with clothing in general e.g. 服を着る, when used in compounds such as 着こなす, 着込む, etc., in certain collocations, and other cases.
- 履く: To wear on the feet, such as shoes and socks.
- 穿く: To wear lower body clothing, such as pants and skirts. Usually kana.
- 掛ける: To hook/hang something on one's body, such as glasses, bags, pendants. Usually kana.
- 被る: To wear on/cover the head/face, such as hats and masks.
- 嵌める: To put on something that envelops, such as rings and gloves. Usually kana.
- 羽織る: To wear items not through sleeves, but e.g. by putting on one's shoulders and fastening buttons, such as coats and gowns. See 羽織.
- 着ける: To wear something, encompasses 着る, はく, etc. and includes accessories (glasses, necklaces, rings, etc.). Often in kana or as 付ける.
- 身に着ける: Essentially the same as 着ける. Often with つける in kana or with 付ける.
- 着する: Essentially the same as 着ける, though more formal.
- 着用(する): Essentially the same as 着ける, though more formal.
- する: To wear accessories (glasses, necklaces, rings, etc.), to be showing an expression, to have a certain quality, etc.
- 纏う: To wrap or wear something around the whole of or part of one's body. Usually kana.

Other verbs:
- 佩く: To affix to one's hip, such as a sword. Usually kana.
- 帯びる: To wear, to carry, usually of a sword on one's hip or an insignia.
- 提げる: To hang from the shoulder or waist or hold hanging from the hand. Also as 下げる.
- 突っかける: To slip on, to quickly wear shoes, slippers, etc.
- 召す: Honorific (尊敬語) form for 着る, e.g. 和服をお召しになる.

Sources:
- 使い方の分かる 類語例解辞典
- 大辞林
- 明鏡国語辞典
- Tofugu
Meaning
206
7
avatar
ポールおじちゃん
Level: 1785
To “hammer”
Mnemonic
9
0
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Jauneu
Level: 548
When hiking high in the mountain , you'll lack sugar , and you'll have to put on 嵌める your gloves!
Mnemonic
2
0
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Sentences

          
I was nicely framed.
           
He is wearing gloves.
               
She has a cast on her arm.
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せんひん
(noun) spoils of war, booty, war trophy; (jocular, humorous) something one managed to obtain or buy (at a bargain sale, merchandise stall, etc.), purchases, prizes (at an arcade, etc.)

Usage notes

しょう

Accent:
(noun) evidence, proof
View usage notes (6)

Usage notes

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馬鹿魚
Level: 32
In summary, "証拠" refers to the actual evidence or proof itself, while "証明" refers to the act of proving or demonstrating something using evidence or arguments.
How to use
34
0
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WildAtelier
Level: 1265
SHOW me the COrrect EVIDENCE
Mnemonic
7
0
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Anonymous123
Level: 1606
A proof is only as good as the (evidence)証 it is (based on)拠
Mnemonic
5
0
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mechan
Level: 584
show (しょう) a flashlight on these small (小=こ) fingerprints to gain a foothold (拠) on the evidence
Mnemonic
4
0
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sena_ix
Level: 578
(Shou)w the (ko)ps the EVIDENCE.
Mnemonic
3
0
avatar
Mikavejo
Level: 386
The SHOUKOlate (chocolate) around your mouth is proof that you did eat the cake!
Mnemonic
2
0
Add usage note

Sentences

               
We have enough evidence to doubt you.
              という こと になる  
It follows from this evidence that she is innocent.
                           
I plan on divorcing my wife. So, I'd like you to find some proof of her infidelity.
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 かえ 

(Godan verb - る (ます = stem+ります)/transitive) to take home, to carry home, to bring back home, to take out (e.g. food)

Usage notes

Sentences

       調       
Well, let me take it back and figure it out for you.
                       
You may take this book as long as you keep it clean.
                              
In regards to the upcoming festival, we will appeal to the guests to bring their trash home.
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いっいっ
(adjective) one-by-one, individual

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 すす 
(Godan verb - む/intransitive) to win and advance to the next round

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Sentences

ドジャース              
The Dodgers went on winning with irresistible force.
                 
The team advanced with incredible spirit.
                            
Despite the anxiety of the spectators, he continued to win match after match.
じゅうりょう

Accent:
(noun) weight; heavyweight boxer
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Vhira
Level: 881
力士 (りきし) need to bulk up and put on weight (重量) in order to reach 十両 (じゅうりょう), the second highest division in 相撲 (すもう)
Mnemonic
2
0
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Sentences

                
The floor gave in under the weight of the heavy safe.
                   
This bag is 4 kilograms overweight.
            
This weighs more than the limit.
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ろう

Accent:
(noun/する verb) fatigue, weariness, exhaustion, tiredness; fatigue (of metal, etc.)
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ナンセンスユーザー
Level: 1314
How is the HERO not * tired/fatigued * after beating up so many villains?
Mnemonic
10
0
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Sentences

                       
Along with the fatigue up to yesterday, the cold feels all the rougher.
              
Fatigue follows a flight to Europe.
                    
He was pale with fatigue after his sleepless night.
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そうじゅうりょう
(noun) gross weight

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つか 

Accent:
(noun) tiredness, fatigue
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zzeyn
Level: 272
After eating Two Curry, he was tired.
Mnemonic
6
0
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Sentences

              
She was feeling kind of tired.
                       
I'd like to go into a hot spring and slowly let it take the fatigue away.
        にも             
I was seriously tired that day, but nevertheless, I couldn't really sleep.
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 のこ 
(Godan verb - る (ます = stem+ります)/intransitive) to win and advance to the next round

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Sentences

                    
We had no expectation that we'd win and continue to the finals.
                            
I do my best and work every day in order to get ahead in the competition of life.
おう
(noun) lion (king of beasts)

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どくがん
(noun) one-eyed

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Sentences

               
My wife shuddered at the sight of a one-eyed cat.
かいりき
(noun) superhuman strength

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きょたい
(noun) huge body, large build

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いっけん

(adverb/する verb) look, glimpse, glance; (adverb) apparently, seemingly, at first glance, on the face of it; (archaism) first meeting

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Sentences

                    
She seems flashy/showy at first glance, but she's a steady/stable person.
              
The place is certainly worth seeing.
          
Seeing is believing.
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