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新完全マスター文法 N3 > 第２部　２課

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Relative clauses
1. The B that A
Similar to this construction in English: 'The boy who ate pizza.' or 'The book that he bought.'
昨日 食 べ た 寿 司 は 最 高 だ っ た 。 
The sushi I ate yesterday was the best.
として
1. As A; From the standpoint of A
青 を 基 調 と し て 絵 を 描 い た 。 
This picture was drawn with blue as the base color.
について
1. Concerning A; About A; Relating to A
今日 は 環 境 問 題 について 話 し ま し ょ う 。 
Today let's talk about environmental issues.
に対して／に対しては
1. In response to (topic) A; in regards to A; considering A; in contrast to A
先 生 に 対 し て 、 そういう 言 い 方 は 失 礼 で す よ 。 
It's rude to speak to your teachers that way.
によって/により
1. By the means/method A; by A
この プ ラ ス チ ッ ク は 火 によって 損 傷 を 受 け な い 。 
This plastic is not damaged by fire.
ばかり
1. A just finished/ended/occured.
私 は 、 テ ニ ス を 始 め た ばかり で す 。 
I've just started playing tennis.
通り／どおり
1. In the way A; The same as A, B; As described by A, B
Shows that B follows along the prediction/thought/plan A.
昨日 の 授 業 は 試 験 が あった け ど 、 今日 は いつも 通 り 。 
There was a test in class yesterday, but today it's business as usual.
まま
1. The situation A remains unchanged
Unlike まだ, carries the meaning that the situation A was left that way by someone. Often used in a (Leaving A as is, I do something else.)
あなた は その こと を 言 わ な い まま に して 置 く 方 が 良 い 。 
It would be better if that remains unsaid.
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