When you link two clauses with 「ので」, the reason or cause in the first clause should be factual and objectively accepted by other people. Clauses linked by 「から」, on the other hand, do not have this restriction:

"There seem likely to be a lot of typhoons this year, so I think we should stock up on emergency rations."

(X) 「今年は台風が多そうなので、非常食を買っておいた方がいいだろう。」 (incorrect usage)
(0) 「今年は台風が多そうだから、非常食を買っておいた方がいいだろう。」　(correct usage)

Further, 「ので」 sounds softer than 「から」, and is more appropriate for formal and polite speech:

"These were sent here by my family. Please have some."

(X) 「家から送ってきましたから、どうぞ。」 (somewhat rough or impolite)
(0) 「家から送ってきましたので、どうぞ。」 (better)

Finally, since 「ので」 is essentially the [-te] form of 「のだ」, it functions similar to linking two sequentially or concurrently occurring clauses with just the [-te] form. Either of the following is acceptable:

"The train was delayed, so we had to wait for two hours."

「列車が遅れて、２時間待たされた。」
「列車が遅れたので、２時間待たされた。」