To continue (a state/situation) without doing A
A must be an action of volition
1
あの先生は怖いのでまだ授業を受けずにいる。
That teacher is scary so I haven't yet taken their class.
3
家の近くに熊が出たので家を出られないでいる。
A bear has appeared near the house so I haven't left it.
4
祖母の家にはおばけが出るので行かないでいます。
Ghosts appear at my grandmother's house so I am not going there.
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