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Pre-Intermediate Grammar (N4) > Giving and Receiving
Includes: くれる, あげる, くださる, さしあげる, やる, もらう, いただく, をくださいませんか, てくださいませんか
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くれる
1. A gives C to B (B is you, your friends, your family, etc.)
お 願 い だ ！ 僕 に チ ャ ン ス を く れ 。 
Come on! Give me a chance.
あげる
1. Give B to A (A is a third party, not yourself)
あなた は 、 だれでも 欲 し い 人 に この 写 真 を あげて も い い 。 
You may give this picture to whoever wants it.
くださる
1. Give B to A (A is you, your friends, your family, etc.)
校 長 先 生 は お 土産 を 下 さ い ま し た 。 
The principal gave me a souvenir.
さしあげる
1. Give B to A (A is a third party, not yourself)
飲 み 物 を 差 し 上 げ ま し ょ う か 。 
May I offer you a drink?
やる
1. Give B to A (A is an animal, plant, or someone below you in ranking)
今日 と 明日 は 畑 に 肥 料 を やらなきゃ な ぁ 。 
Today and tomorrow I have to fertilize the field.
もらう
1. A receives C from B: the giver is of the same/lower rank of the recipient.
ばあちゃん の 形 見 に 、 入 れ 歯 を もらった 。 
I got some false teeth that were left by my grandmother as a memento.
いただく
1. A receives C from B: the giver is of a higher rank than the recipient.
お 水 を いただけます か 。 
Could I get some water, please?
てくださいませんか
1. Please do A (polite)
ド ア に 鍵 を か け て 下 さ い ま せ ん か 。 
Would you please lock the door?
をくださいませんか
1. Please give me A (polite)
先 生 、 薬 を も う 少 し 下 さ い ま せ ん か ？ 
Doctor, could you please give me a bit more medicine?
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