The ている construction is often shortened to てる colloquially. You can also shorten ています to てます, but if you're already being polite you'd probably want to say the full thing anyway.
A raccoon dog (tanuki) wasdead on the street. It must have been hit by a car.
40
父は太っています。
My father isoverweight.
38
妹は結婚しています。
My younger sister ismarried.
9
彼女は子供が生まれて喜んでいます。
She isdelighted to have had a child.
9
きっと彼は知っているから、聞いてみよう。
I'm sure heknows, so let's ask him.
19
今日は空が曇っていますね。
Today's sky iscloudy.
6
昨日は晴れていましたが、今日は雨です。
Yesterday wasclear, but today is rainy.
5
昨日の洗濯物はまだ濡れている。
Yesterday's laundry is still wet.
4
電気はまだついているはずだ。
The lights should still beon.
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
AVerb: て-form
いる
Notes
This usage of ~ている only shows a state, so it cannot show action or motion. Note the time progression that results in the following sentences.
28
道で、たぬきが死んでいました。きっと車にはねられたのでしょう。
A raccoon dog (tanuki) wasdead on the street. It must have been hit by a car.
1. (これから)死ぬ = 今は生きている。 (The dog is still living)
2. 死にました。 (This is an instantaneous change in state from living to dead)
3. (ずっと/今も)死んでいる。 (The result of the change still exists, as the dog is still dead)
43
事故の原因は、すでに分かっています。
I already know the cause of the accident.
1. (これから)分かる = 今は分からない。 (You don't yet know the cause)
2. 分かりました。 (This is an instantaneous change in state from not knowing to knowing)
3. (今は)分かっている。 (You found out and are still in a state of knowing the cause.)
The ている construction is often shortened to てる colloquially. You can also shorten ています to てます, but if you're already being polite you'd probably want to say the full thing anyway.
Example: 父は太っている。→ 父は太ってる。 父は太っています。→ 父は太ってます。
All the conjugations are the same, just without the extra い.
雨が降っていた。 -> 雨が降ってた。 It had been raining. 雨が降っていない。 -> 雨が降ってない。It did not rain. 雨が降っていなかった。 -> 雨がふってなかった。It had not been raining.
25
A is the subject's customary actions.
A-ing (Progressive tense)
Describes a state after the action A takes place.
A is the subject's customary actions.
暇な時は本を読んでいる。
I read books when I have free time.
16
暇な時、いつもインターネットをしています。
I always usetheinternet when I have free time.
18
私は、毎朝CNNニュースを見ています。
I watch the CNN news every morning.
19
私は毎日、野菜を食べています。
I eat vegetables every day.
8
私はいつもテレビを見てくつろいでいます。
I am always relaxingandwatching TV.
6
2年間、この手帳を使っています。
I havebeenusing this notebook for 2 years.
5
毎日バスに乗っている。
I ride the bus every day.
8
日曜日はバイトをしていますよ。
I haveapart-time job on Sundays.
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
AVerb: て-form
いる
Notes
This form of ~ている is often used with repetitive time nouns such as いつも, 毎日, 毎週, etc.
The ている construction is often shortened to てる colloquially. You can also shorten ています to てます, but if you're already being polite you'd probably want to say the full thing anyway.
In the model sentence 「いもうとは、ぎん行でつとめています。」”My younger sister works for a bank", the particle に would read better than で concerning the verb つとめる. Thus, 「いもうとは、ぎん行につとめています。」
The ている construction is often shortened to てる colloquially. You can also shorten ています to てます, but if you're already being polite you'd probably want to say the full thing anyway.
You should stick it in as a 'usage note' so you get credit for it! Since this page has three meanings that would all benefit from your notes, making 3 identical usage notes is completely acceptable.
The title on this page itself is fine, but on the main grammar library page, this pattern shows up as て居る. Again, I'm aware that いる uses the kanji 居る, but when combined with て-form, I'm pretty sure it's almost always written in kana.
The first usage reads "Describes a state after the action A takes place." I learned that it was used as a state of being. I am . . . married, short, tall, hot, cold. Is that right?
The first case (married), occurs after something takes place (marriage). Could you give me an example of those other states you gave, used in ている form?
When I learned them the first time, I guess it was things like marriage, death, etc. I think maybe I just hadn't connected the two. Thanks for asking :)
Definitely look under the 'notes' section on that first meaning - The way it shows the three 'stages' of an action (like dying) made it really clear for me when I first read it :)
I just came across another usage of ている-form as a description of constante state (not action, as in the examples above). I don't think this usage is covered by the explanations above so I'll put it down here.
ている-form in this case describes the constant state of things, the way they were from the very beginning.
For example "彼女はクラウデぃア・シファーに似ています" She looks like Claudia Schiffer (she did't start looking like Schiffer two days ago, but she always looked like her).
この道は曲がっています。 This street has a turn (?? not sure how to put this in English). Here again, this street has always been this way and didn't get this turn in the course of time.
So far though, I came across only two verbs that can be used in this way. Probably someone else here knows more of them?
If fits under the first definition, except that the first one is a bit too restrictive and doesn't allow these examples. The second one actually does fit in - whoever made the road originally curved it during construction (the action), leaving it in a curved state.
似ています....that one doesn't, though. Let me think on it.
0
11 years ago
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