I feel like there are other forms of verbs and counting words that are not being expressed in this grammar. Is there another section that has these? I`m just curious.

The one meaning that I thought of when I read this was [again, another] As in: 「もう一度」, 「もう一人」 Doesn't really go with either of the extant meanings.

What you have so far looks great. I'm looking at the entry for 「もう」　in my dictionary right now, and it reminded me of a few times when it's paired with something other than a counter word, like　「もう少し」 for instance. I think in these situations, the general form is: 「もう＋名詞」, where 「もう」 translates to [more] Ex: 「[color=blue]もう[/color]何も言うことはない。」 I have nothing [color=blue]more[/color] to say. 「[color=blue]もう[/color]少しスープを召し上がりますか？」 Would you like a little [color=blue]more[/color] soup? I had thought the phrase 「もうちょっと」 would fall into this category, but I just realized what the 漢字 is for 「ちょっと」: 「一寸」. I guess it's a counter word after all then? Interesting, makes sense. Anyways, I wonder if you can fit this [more] meaning into the one you just created, or if it would be better to add a new meaning. I'm all for creating as few separate meanings as possible, as long as everything remains comprehensible, of course.

Can the third form also include verbs? For example, もう少し食べてください Please eat a little more.

#1 is described as もう + past tense, but the example sentence that comes with the picture uses ている.