和英辞典Vocabulary dictionary

漢字辞典 Kanji dictionary

文法辞典 Grammar dictionary

例文検索 Sentence lookup

When entering abc's, search as
Both
English only
Japanese only

Prioritize sentences with audio
You can enter in parts of a word, words, or phrases.
test
 


 
To come to A
Shows a change over time
  1. To come to A
    Shows a change over time
  2. To continue A..ing; to have become A
好
13点
わたし 、 最 近 太 っ て き た の よ ね 。 
I've gotten fat lately.
好
13点
学 校 で 習 う 漢 字 は 前 よ り むずかしく なって きている 。 
The kanji I learn at school have gotten more difficult than before.
好
24点
さいきん 暖 か く なってきた 。 
It has become warm recently.

There are no user-submitted sentences!
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
AVerb: て-form
くる
Basic Examples:
おおきくなってくる (become bigger over time)

Notes
Shows a change over time.
Where this grammar is found


User notes
avatar
mysticfive
Level: 1260
(12 years ago)
the difference between this and ていく is when the change occurs: with てくる the change occurred in the past (and if the くる is in present tense, will keep changing); with ていく the change will be occurring in the future.
15
 
To continue A..ing; to have become A
  1. To come to A
    Shows a change over time
  2. To continue A..ing; to have become A
好
2点
この 花 は 祖 母 が 種 か ら 育 て て き た ひまわり で す 。 
This flower is a sunflower that my grandmother grew from a seed.
好
5点
私 は 今日 の テ ス ト の ために 毎 日 勉 強 し て き ま し た 。 
I've studied every day for today's test.
好
5点
私 は 英 語 を 日 本 で １０ 年 間 教 え て き た ん で す よ 。 
I taught English in Japan for ten years.

There are no user-submitted sentences!
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
AVerb: て-form
くる
Basic Examples:
うんどうしてくる (continue exercising)

Notes
This form is often in the past ~てきた form, as it usually describes something that has continued up until now (the present).
Related Expressions
つづける
ていく
Where this grammar is found


User notes

Discussion about this grammar
avatar
elsiemarley
Level: 1, 好 : 74
I think for the second meaning, something should be put in there about how ~てくる is usually used in the past tense, since it describes something that has been happening until now (and can be presumed that it will continue to happen in the future). The times I have seen it used in the non-past tense is if it is in a conditional sentence, ie, "If you were to become/if it was to become". It might be good to contrast it with ~ていく, which is usually in the present/future tense, as it describes something that will happen continuously from now on. Now that I think about it, maybe you should change the 2nd meaning to "To continue A-ing, to have become A" or something to that effect.
Report Content
好
2点
14 years ago (Edited 14 years ago.)
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 204, 好 : 9,177
Thanks! I went ahead and updated it. Although I've gone ahead and added it myself, you can suggest relations between other grammar terms through the Quick Info box to the right of the definition. I definitely need more help in linking up related grammar, so do check that out if you ever see others that could be linked.
Report Content
好
0点
14 years ago
avatar
elsiemarley
Level: 1, 好 : 74
Yay! I'm glad I could help. Also, I just noticed that one of the model sentences for the first meaning needs a little tweaking of its English translation ^__^ "The kanji I *learn* at school *have* gotten more difficult than before."
Report Content
好
0点
14 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 204, 好 : 9,177
Fixed it up, thanks!
Report Content
好
0点
14 years ago
guest
So how is the second meaning different from 続ける？ Or is it the same?
Report Content
好
0点
13 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 204, 好 : 9,177
It's pretty similar. The second form is usually used in the sense of something that started in the past, and has continued to the present. Because of that, it's almost always in the past tense, where the action continues to or ends at the time the speaker says it.

I believe this differs from つづく because it usually focuses on something that continues from the present onward. In other words, while they both show an action continuing, one focuses on what's already happened, while one focuses on what's going to happen (continue).

Does that make any sense? I feel like I might not be doing the best job at describing it.
Report Content
好
0点
13 years ago
guest
What would be the difference between:

学校で習う漢字は前より難しくなってきている。and がっこうで習う漢字は前より難しくなっている。?

Or is it the same?
Report Content
好
0点
11 years ago
guest
Actually, shouldn't the second sentence of the first meaning be "is getting" or "is becoming" rather than "have gotten" or "has become". Because 来る adds the meaning of a continuing action that started in the past and keeps going or something.
Report Content
好
0点
11 years ago
guest
Actually, shouldn't the second sentence of the first meaning be "is getting" or "is becoming" rather than "have gotten" or "has become". Because 来る adds the meaning of a continuing action that started in the past and keeps going or something.
Report Content
好
0点
11 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 204, 好 : 9,177
It doesn't necessarily need to continue onward; just for clarification, if it is in the past tense, the change has ended.

As for the second sentence, have become/gotten are present perfect (I believe that is the correct grammar term), and do refer to a present state - the kanji has gotten more difficult up through the present. I feel like is getting/becoming doesn't hold the nuance of a change over a period of time, just a present change.

As to the first comment..I am not sure I ever hear the first version used. I definitely hear the second.
Report Content
好
0点
11 years ago
avatar
gdartfow
Level: 1157, 好 : 644
Regarding the fourth example of the first usage, 食べてきて doesn't show a change, but a sequence of events (eat and then come). Shouldn't it be on the second usage of て (https://www.renshuu.org/grammar/101/)?
Report Content
好
0点
5 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 204, 好 : 9,177
Thanks, fixed!
Report Content
好
0点
5 years ago
avatar
Karlla
Years Studied: Many on and off
Studying: N2
Level: 892, 好 : 5,064

I have a problem with this example sentence from renshuu's dictionary.

ねえ、ちょっとお使いに行ってくって欲しいんだけど、いい？

According to the explanation it's supposed to be a てくる form, but then shouldn't it be 行ってきて欲しい? What am I missing?

Report Content
好
0点
3 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 204, 好 : 9,177

You might have heard me complain about this in years past, but 来る is notoriously difficult to handle when conjugating in the site. I won't go into the details, but it's TERRIBLE.

I went ahead and fixed this one!

Report Content
好
0点
3 years ago
avatar
Karlla
Years Studied: Many on and off
Studying: N2
Level: 892, 好 : 5,064

lol. It's the first time I'm hearing this.
Thanks^^

Report Content
好
0点
3 years ago



Loading the list
Lv.

Sorry, there was an error on renshuu! If it's OK, please describe what you were doing. This will help us fix the issue.

Characters to show:





Use your mouse or finger to write characters in the box.
■ Katakana ■ Hiragana