Since A; As A
- Since A; As A
- A, then B Used to show a sequence of events.
- A and B The て/で can be used to link several adjectives/nouns describing the same noun.
- Do B by means of A
52
弟は、オバケが怖くて、夜一人でトイレに行けません。
Since my younger brother is scared of ghosts he can't go to the bathroom alone at night.
24
先週、腐った牛乳を飲んで、お腹を壊しました。
Since I drank sour milk last week I had a stomachache.
17
寝坊して、遅刻してしまいました。
Unfortunately, I overslept and was late for the appointment.
17
事故があって、道路が渋滞しています。
Because of an accident the traffic is tied up.
17
この薬は苦くて、子供が飲みたがりません。
Since this medicine is bitter children don't like taking it.
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Dict. Form
Conjugated
あげる
あげて
おす
おして
かう
かって
かく
かいて
くる
きて
しぬ
しんで
Dict. Form
Conjugated
とる
とって
もつ
もって
よぶ
よんで
よむ
よんで
いそぐ
いそいで
する
して
Irregular Form(s)
行く (いく)
行って
Basic Examples:
食べなくて (Since (I'm) not eating)
Basic Examples:
忙しくて (because (she's) busy)
Basic Examples:
有名で (because (it's) famous)
Notes
The subject's intentions/volition cannot be given after this form.
Where this grammar is found
User notes
Level:
(13 years ago)
This usage of て is kind of a more limited form of ので/から.
Don't use it for consequences that are in the past or future.
Ex:
雨が降り始めて、家に帰りました。------- Awkward
雨が降り始めたので、家に帰りました。------- Better
Use it for consequences that occur simultaneously with the reason.
Ex:
霧が深くて、道が見えません。------- The fog is thick, so I can't see the road.
Don't use it for consequences that are in the past or future.
Ex:
雨が降り始めて、家に帰りました。------- Awkward
雨が降り始めたので、家に帰りました。------- Better
Use it for consequences that occur simultaneously with the reason.
Ex:
霧が深くて、道が見えません。------- The fog is thick, so I can't see the road.
19
A, then B
Used to show a sequence of events.
- Since A; As A
- A, then B Used to show a sequence of events.
- A and B The て/で can be used to link several adjectives/nouns describing the same noun.
- Do B by means of A
12
昨日は勉強してテレビを見ました。
I studied and watched TV yesterday.
10
今日、ノートを買ってきて、勉強を始めた。
Today I went and bought a notebook and started to study.
11
明日は部屋を掃除して、ゴミも捨てるよ。
I'll clean my room and take out the trash tomorrow.
Getting the sentences
List
て form
You’ve been doing so well with these lessons, it’s time for something new! In this lesson, we will learn a new verb form, usually called the て form, that has a variety of uses.
Conjugation
たべる→たべて
みる→みて
ねる→ねて
いる→いて
ねる→ねて
いる→いて
くる→きて
する→して
する→して
The first thing we’ll talk about is how to make the て form. Just like with the ます forms that we talked about earlier, you will need to know if the verb you’re dealing with is an Ichidan, Godan, or one of our two irregular verbs.
The first thing we’ll talk about is how to make the て form. Just like with the ます forms that we talked about earlier, you will need to know if the verb you’re dealing with is an Ichidan, Godan, or one of our two irregular verbs.
For Ichidan verbs, creating the て form is very straightforward: you find the verb stem by removing the る, and then you will add て.
All Ichidan verbs will work in this way.
The two irregular verbs, くる and する, actually follow a similar pattern here.
Since the ます form of くる and する are きます and します, think of き and し as the verb ‘stems’.
So the て form of these two verbs are きて and して, respectively.
まつ→まって
のむ→のんで
かく→かいて
はなす→はなして
For Godan verbs, the て form conjugation depends on the last character of the dictionary verb. They will divide into four groups.
For Godan verbs, the て form conjugation depends on the last character of the dictionary verb. They will divide into four groups.
If a verb ends in う、つ、or る (for example: あう, まつ, or とる), you will drop the last character and add って.
So あう will become あって, まつ becomes まって, とる becomes とって, and so on.
If a verb ends in む、ぶ、or ぬ (for example: のむ, よぶ, or しぬ), you will drop the last character and add んで.
So のむ will become のんで, よぶ becomes よんで, しぬ becomes しんで, etc.
If a verb ends with く (or ぐ) (for example: かく, きく, or およぐ), you will drop the last character and add いて (or いで if it ended in ぐ).
So かく will become かいて, きく becomes きいて, and およぐ will become およいで.
There is one exception to this rule, and it is the verb いく - it doesn’t become いいて、 but instead it changes to いって.
Lastly, if a verb ends in す (like はなす or けす), you will drop the last character and add して.
So はなす will become はなして, and けす becomes けして.
ほん を よんで ねます。
きのう おおさか に いって ばんごはん を たべました。
Up until now, we have only used one verb in a sentence, but what if you do multiple actions? That is where the て form comes in: it links two or more verbs to describe several activities.
Up until now, we have only used one verb in a sentence, but what if you do multiple actions? That is where the て form comes in: it links two or more verbs to describe several activities.
The て form kind of acts like the English phrase “and then” here: I did this thing, and then I did that thing. We use the て form and not particle と that we already learned because と can only link two nouns.
Using this pattern of Verb 1 て Verb 2 shows us that one action was completed, and then the second. So if you are going to read a book and go to bed, you would say this.
The actions can be closely related like the above sentence, or more loosely. You could list all the things you did in one day just by using the て form! The last verb in the sentence will be conjugated like normal, and will show the tense for all of the actions.
For example, if you went to Osaka yesterday and ate dinner there, you could use this sentence.
This is just one usage for this very versatile verb form! Take a look at the next few lessons for more ways to use the て form.
This is just one usage for this very versatile verb form! Take a look at the next few lessons for more ways to use the て form.
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Basic Examples:
起きて走る (wake up then run)
Where this grammar is found
User notes
A and B
The て/で can be used to link several adjectives/nouns describing the same noun.
- Since A; As A
- A, then B Used to show a sequence of events.
- A and B The て/で can be used to link several adjectives/nouns describing the same noun.
- Do B by means of A
This ice cream is huge and looks great!
18
あたりは夕方になると寒くて暗くなりました。
In the evening, the area became cold and dark.
11
彼は背が高くてたくましい。
He is tall and strong.
10
お父さんはかっこよくて賢いんだ！
Dad is cool and clever!
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Basic Examples:
可愛くて優しい (cute and nice)
Basic Examples:
下手で不器用 (unskillful and clumsy)
Where this grammar is found
User notes
マイコー
Level: 278
(10 years ago)
The adjective いい is special, and takes the よい form when being changed to て-form, becoming よくて.
0
Do B by means of A
- Since A; As A
- A, then B Used to show a sequence of events.
- A and B The て/で can be used to link several adjectives/nouns describing the same noun.
- Do B by means of A
1
ラーメンは箸を使って食べます。
I eat ramen with chopsticks (lit: by using chopsticks).
1
答えが分かったら、手を挙げて教えてください。
If you know the answer, please let me know by raising your hand.
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Basic Examples:
歩いて公園に行く ((I) went to the park on foot (by walking))
Where this grammar is found
User notes
Discussion about this grammar
