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Be A-ed, when the action is directed at the subject.

  1. Be A-ed, when the action is directed at the subject.
  2. Be A-ed, when something negative/troubling is directed at the subject.
  3. Be A-ed, when the person/thing doing the action does not need to be mentioned in the sentence.
  4. Be A-ed, when someone/something else does something undesirable.
    The action does not need to be directed to the speaker.
  5. A does B
    The passive form can be used as an honorific form, so A would be someone above the speaker (boss, customer, etc.)
Join for free or Login to study this and other grammar in the lesson Passive Tense!
魚さかなは 猫ねこに 食たべられた 。 
The fish was eaten by the cat.
好
23点
私 は 授 業 中 、 無 駄 話 を していた ので 先 生 に 注 意 された 。 
I was idly chatting in the middle of class, so I was warned by the teacher.
好
18点
私 に 呼 ばれたら 、 皆 の 前 で 発 表 して ください 。 
If you're called by me, please present in front of the class.
好
36点
私 は 生 徒 に 「 先 生 」 と 呼 ばれています 。 
I'm called 'teacher' by the students.
好
20点
この 番 号 は 現 在 使 われていません 。 
This number is not being used. (As in a phone company's recorded message)
好
4点
この 漫 画 は 主 に 女 性 に 読 まれている 。 
This comic book is mainly read by women.
好
3点
弟 は 祖 父 に 可愛 がられている 。 
My little brother is loved by my grandfather.
好
2点
子 犬 達 は 一 匹 ずつ 、 母 や 父 の 知 り 合 い に もらわれて行った 。 
The puppies were, one by one, taken by acquaintances of my mother and father.

Getting the sentences
1. Determine if it's a godan or ichidan verb
How do I determine the type of the verb?
2. Conjugating the verbs
Godan verbs
1. Change the last character from its 'u' form to the 'a' form.
む (mu) => ま (ma)
す (su) => さ (sa)
う (u) => わ (wa)
ぬ (nu) => な (na)
つ (tsu) => た (ta)
ぶ (bu) => ば (ba)
く (ku) => か (ka)
ぐ (gu) => が (ga)
る (ru) => ら (ra)
Ichidan verbs
1. Change the る from the end of the verb to ら (ra)

Special cases
1a. する (to do) is changed to さ.
1b. くる (to come) is changed to こら.


2. Add れる to make the passive form.
Conjugation & examples
Usage: Person は Actor に Act (Action+Verb) 私は友達にお菓子をたべられる I had my candy eaten by a friend. Let's conjugate the godan verb 書く/かく (to write):
Basic Examples
Before we start: かく
1. かく -> かか
2. かか -> かかれる (written by)

Now let's conjugate the verb 食べる/たべる (to eat), which is an ichidan verb:
Basic Examples
Before we start: たべる
1. たべる -> たべら
2. たべ -> たべられる (eaten by)
Where this grammar is found
JLPT N4: Passive Tense
Genki II (2nd Edition): Chapter 21
Nihongo So-Matome N3 (日本語総まとめ）: 第1週　1日目
Nihongo So-Matome N4 (日本語総まとめ): 第４週　４日目
新完全マスター文法 N4: 第１部　２４課


User notes
好
0点

In the passive voice the subject is what would be considered the object in active voice.
An example would be: (Active) He broke the mirror. 彼は鏡を割りました。
(Passive) The mirror was broken by him.　鏡は彼に割られました。
You must be careful as Ichidan verbs are conjugated the same way as potential form (can).
You can tell the difference because the one doing the action in passive form (him/彼) is marked with the particle に.
6 years ago
avatar shirokitsune - Level 340
 
Be A-ed, when something negative/troubling is directed at the subject.

  1. Be A-ed, when the action is directed at the subject.
  2. Be A-ed, when something negative/troubling is directed at the subject.
  3. Be A-ed, when the person/thing doing the action does not need to be mentioned in the sentence.
  4. Be A-ed, when someone/something else does something undesirable.
    The action does not need to be directed to the speaker.
  5. A does B
    The passive form can be used as an honorific form, so A would be someone above the speaker (boss, customer, etc.)
Join for free or Login to study this and other grammar in the lesson Passive Tense!
好
16点
弟 は 昨日 御 兄 さん に 叩 かれて 泣 きました 。 
Yesterday, my little brother was hit by my older brother and cried.
好
26点
うそをついた ので 、 母 に 怒 られました 。 
My mom got mad because I lied.
好
6点
強 い 風 が 吹 き 、 帽 子 が さらわれてしまった 。 
A strong wind blew and my cap was swept away.
好
3点
姉 さん は また 男 に 捨 てられた ん だ 。 
My older sister was dumped again by a guy.
好
2点
昨日 私 は 兄 から 意 地 悪 を されて 泣 きました 。 
Yesterday my older brother was mean to me and I cried.

Getting the sentences
1. Determine if it's a godan or ichidan verb
How do I determine the type of the verb?
2. Conjugating the verbs
Godan verbs
1. Change the last character from it's 'u' form to the 'a' form.
む (mu) => ま (ma)
す (su) => さ (sa)
う (u) => わ (wa)
ぬ (nu) => な (na)
つ (tsu) => た (ta)
ぶ (bu) => ば (ba)
く (ku) => か (ka)
ぐ (gu) => が (ga)
る (ru) => ら (ra)
Ichidan verbs
1. Change the る from the end of the verb to ら (ra)

Special cases
1a. する (to do) is changed to さ.
1b. くる (to come) is changed to こら.


2. Add れる to make the passive form.
Conjugation & examples
Usage: Person は Actor に Act (Action+Verb) 私は友達にお菓子をたべられる I had my candy eaten by a friend. Let's conjugate the godan verb 書く/かく (to write):
Basic Examples
Before we start: かく
1. かく -> かか
2. かか -> かかれる (written by)

Now let's conjugate the verb 食べる/たべる (to eat), which is an ichidan verb:
Basic Examples
Before we start: たべる
1. たべる -> たべら
2. たべ -> たべられる (eaten by)
Where this grammar is found
JLPT N4: Passive Tense
Genki II (2nd Edition): Chapter 21
Nihongo So-Matome N3 (日本語総まとめ）: 第1週　1日目
新完全マスター文法 N4: 第１部　２４課


User notes
No user notes have been added. Logged-in users can add user notes.
 
Be A-ed, when the person/thing doing the action does not need to be mentioned in the sentence.

  1. Be A-ed, when the action is directed at the subject.
  2. Be A-ed, when something negative/troubling is directed at the subject.
  3. Be A-ed, when the person/thing doing the action does not need to be mentioned in the sentence.
  4. Be A-ed, when someone/something else does something undesirable.
    The action does not need to be directed to the speaker.
  5. A does B
    The passive form can be used as an honorific form, so A would be someone above the speaker (boss, customer, etc.)
Join for free or Login to study this and other grammar in the lesson Passive Tense!
好
19点
この 車 は 十 年 前 に 作 られました 。 
This car was made ten years ago.
好
4点
この 小 説 は 19 世 紀 に 書 かれた 物 だ 。 
This novel was written in the 19th century.
好
2点
この 物語 は 、 古 く から 語 り 継 がれてきた 。 
This story has been passed down from ancient times.
好
2点
この 料 理 は 江 戸 時 代 から 作 られていた 物 です 。 
This dish had been made since the Edo period.

Getting the sentences
1. Determine if it's a godan or ichidan verb
How do I determine the type of the verb?
2. Conjugating the verbs
Godan verbs
1. Change the last character from it's 'u' form to the 'a' form.
む (mu) => ま (ma)
す (su) => さ (sa)
う (u) => わ (wa)
ぬ (nu) => な (na)
つ (tsu) => た (ta)
ぶ (bu) => ば (ba)
く (ku) => か (ka)
ぐ (gu) => が (ga)
る (ru) => ら (ra)
Ichidan verbs
1. Change the る from the end of the verb to ら (ra)

Special cases
1a. する (to do) is changed to さ.
1b. くる (to come) is changed to こら.


2. Add れる to make the passive form.
Conjugation & examples
Usage: Person は Actor に Act (Action+Verb) 私は友達にお菓子をたべられる I had my candy eaten by a friend. Let's conjugate the godan verb 書く/かく (to write):
Basic Examples
Before we start: かく
1. かく -> かか
2. かか -> かかれる (written by)

Now let's conjugate the verb 食べる/たべる (to eat), which is an ichidan verb:
Basic Examples
Before we start: たべる
1. たべる -> たべら
2. たべ -> たべられる (eaten by)
Where this grammar is found
JLPT N4: Passive Tense
Nihongo So-Matome N4 (日本語総まとめ): 第４週　４日目
新完全マスター文法 N4: 第１部　２４課


User notes
No user notes have been added. Logged-in users can add user notes.
 
Be A-ed, when someone/something else does something undesirable.
The action does not need to be directed to the speaker.

  1. Be A-ed, when the action is directed at the subject.
  2. Be A-ed, when something negative/troubling is directed at the subject.
  3. Be A-ed, when the person/thing doing the action does not need to be mentioned in the sentence.
  4. Be A-ed, when someone/something else does something undesirable.
    The action does not need to be directed to the speaker.
  5. A does B
    The passive form can be used as an honorific form, so A would be someone above the speaker (boss, customer, etc.)
Join for free or Login to study this and other grammar in the lesson Passive Tense!
温おん泉せんに 行いった のに 、 虫むしに 刺さされた 。 
I went to the hot springs, but I was stung by an insect.
好
11点
外 で 遊 んでいる 最 中 、 雨 に 降 られた ！ 
While I was playing outside it started to rain!
好
13点
留 守 の 間 に 、 泥 棒 に 入 られました 。 
A robber broke in while I was gone.
好
3点
財 布 を 掏 られた ！ 
My wallet was stolen!
好
5点
人 の 命 が 突 然 奪 われる の は 辛 い 事 だ 。 
It's heart-breaking to have a person's life suddenly taken.
好
3点
殺 された 男 は 、 その 部屋 の 住 人 だった 。 
The man who was killed was a resident of that room.

Getting the sentences
1. Determine if it's a godan or ichidan verb
How do I determine the type of the verb?
2. Conjugating the verbs
Godan verbs
1. Change the last character from it's 'u' form to the 'a' form.
む (mu) => ま (ma)
す (su) => さ (sa)
う (u) => わ (wa)
ぬ (nu) => な (na)
つ (tsu) => た (ta)
ぶ (bu) => ば (ba)
く (ku) => か (ka)
ぐ (gu) => が (ga)
る (ru) => ら (ra)
Ichidan verbs
1. Change the る from the end of the verb to ら (ra)

Special cases
1a. する (to do) is changed to さ.
1b. くる (to come) is changed to こら.


2. Add れる to make the passive form.
Conjugation & examples
Usage: Person は Actor に Act (Action+Verb) 私は友達にお菓子をたべられる I had my candy eaten by a friend. Let's conjugate the godan verb 書く/かく (to write):
Basic Examples
Before we start: かく
1. かく -> かか
2. かか -> かかれる (written by)

Now let's conjugate the verb 食べる/たべる (to eat), which is an ichidan verb:
Basic Examples
Before we start: たべる
1. たべる -> たべら
2. たべ -> たべられる (eaten by)
Where this grammar is found
JLPT N4: Passive Tense
Genki II (2nd Edition): Chapter 21
Nihongo So-Matome N3 (日本語総まとめ）: 第1週　1日目
新完全マスター文法 N4: 第１部　２４課


User notes
No user notes have been added. Logged-in users can add user notes.
 
A does B
The passive form can be used as an honorific form, so A would be someone above the speaker (boss, customer, etc.)

  1. Be A-ed, when the action is directed at the subject.
  2. Be A-ed, when something negative/troubling is directed at the subject.
  3. Be A-ed, when the person/thing doing the action does not need to be mentioned in the sentence.
  4. Be A-ed, when someone/something else does something undesirable.
    The action does not need to be directed to the speaker.
  5. A does B
    The passive form can be used as an honorific form, so A would be someone above the speaker (boss, customer, etc.)
好
0点
彼 が 運 転 されました 。 
He drove.
好
0点
田 中 さん が 歌 われました 。 
Mr. Tanaka sang.

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun
は/が
BVerb: Passive Tense
Basic Examples:
社長は行かれます (the boss goes)

Where this grammar is found
JLPT N4: Passive Tense


User notes
No user notes have been added. Logged-in users can add user notes.

Discussion about this grammar
avatar
恵理子
Years Studied: 5
Studying: JLPT N1
Level: 1, 好 : 545
What does うけみ (a unique furigana reading) at the top left of the page mean?
好
1点
10 years ago
avatar
fareastfurfaro
Grammar mod. Level: 1, 好 : 460
うけみ is passive voice in Japanese. The unique furigana reading just means that it's not a normal reading for these kanji. If I had no idea, I would have guessed じゅしん or something for this combination. Or is that not what you were asking?
好
3点
10 years ago
avatar
恵理子
Years Studied: 5
Studying: JLPT N1
Level: 1, 好 : 545
Thanks for your answer, but that's not exactly what I was asking.
Maybe it's just me, but I don't see any kanji right there. うけみ is just floating in the air somewhere around (Passive).
好
1点
10 years ago (Edited 10 years ago.)
avatar
fareastfurfaro
Grammar mod. Level: 1, 好 : 460
Oh, I can see the kanji. Michael!
好
0点
10 years ago
avatar
恵理子
Years Studied: 5
Studying: JLPT N1
Level: 1, 好 : 545
Michael seems to be away...
I think I've somehow managed to find it through the grammar library page. It's 受身, right?
What browser do you use? Seems like only my Chrome doesn't display the kanji...
好
0点
10 years ago
avatar
fareastfurfaro
Grammar mod. Level: 1, 好 : 460
I'm using Chrome actually, strange. And yeah, that's the correct kanji.
好
0点
10 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 51, 好 : 4,874
Can you get a screenshot for me?
好
0点
10 years ago
avatar
恵理子
Years Studied: 5
Studying: JLPT N1
Level: 1, 好 : 545
Yep, here you are:
http://screencast.com/t/TrXQvbMh8Y
好
0点
10 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 51, 好 : 4,874
You're not on Chrome/Windows by chance, are you?
好
0点
10 years ago
avatar
恵理子
Years Studied: 5
Studying: JLPT N1
Level: 1, 好 : 545
Yes I am, how do you know? Chrome and Windows 7.
好
0点
10 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 51, 好 : 4,874
Chrome and Windows have...issues with certain Japanese text. It's a browser (and not site) bug, unfortunately. Let's see if this is the case - can you try on another browser on the same system?
好
0点
10 years ago
avatar
fareastfurfaro
Grammar mod. Level: 1, 好 : 460
Interesting. I'm on Chrome and Windows 7 and I have no problem. えりこ, is your browser in English mode or is it set to Japanese (mine is)?
好
0点
10 years ago
avatar
恵理子
Years Studied: 5
Studying: JLPT N1
Level: 1, 好 : 545
Tried on Firefox and IE 8, and no problem. Seems like it's really a browser bug.

My browser was originally in English mode. But even after changing it to Japanese mode, I still can't see any kanji: http://img690.imageshack.us/i/unbenanntwkv.jpg/
fareastfurfaro, do you use Chrome's version 10 (as I do)?
好
0点
10 years ago (Edited 10 years ago.)
avatar
Geckomayhem
Years Studied: 7
Studying: JLPT N3
Level: 1, 好 : 191
I have the same bug: Chrome and Windows 7 and there is no kanji there, next to Passive. Strange.
好
1点
10 years ago
guest
Firefox 17.0:
好
1点
8 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 51, 好 : 4,874
Should be good now.
好
3点
8 years ago
guest
Looks good. I suppose I'm not seeing the kanji since I haven't learned them yet on the site?
好
0点
8 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 51, 好 : 4,874
Yep - it's based on your kanji study settings (same as example sentences).
好
2点
8 years ago
avatar
Tanooki
Years Studied: ~5
Studying: Intermediate Japanese
Level: 1, 好 : 55
Can you combine verbs in passive tense? Like 食べてみる Would it be 食べられてみる？ Or would you change the miru too? Etc... Thanks!
好
0点
8 years ago
avatar
できるだけ
Years Studied: Never enough!
Studying: 漢字
Level: 1, 好 : 556
Yes, that's grammatically fine (though I'm not sure in what situation you'd say 食べられてみる　 ;) ). Things like 言われてみれば are very common, though!
好
0点
8 years ago (Edited 8 years ago.)
avatar
マドゥリ
Years Studied: Since 2010
Studying: JLPT N1
Level: 1, 好 : 202
Does the so-called 'suffering passive' form come under any of the above categories? As far as I understood it, it needs an を before the passive verb - like かばんを盗まれました - and I don't see that in any of the patterns.
好
0点
8 years ago
avatar
mysticfive
Years Studied: since 2000
Studying: 自分のため、日本語教師だから
Level: 434, 好 : 4,472
nope, if you're talking about the 'my bag was stolen,' like in your sentence there, it still uses が　ー　鞄が盗まれました would be correct there. It's just like in the English: My bag *was taken* - English passive voice.
好
1点
8 years ago
Shadd
Level: 1, 好 : 2
Small correction to make, at the start of section 2. Conjugating the verbs (godan part): "Change the last character from it's 'u' form" should be "Change the last character from its 'u' form" (it's->its). :)
好
2点
7 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 51, 好 : 4,874
Fixed, thanks!
好
0点
7 years ago
avatar
Dabas
Years Studied: 6
Studying: JLPT 3
Level: 13, 好 : 9

Some of the questions in the N4 area that exercise the passive form require knowledge of use of particles with the passive.

It would be nice if this page also had usage notes as to which particles are used in the passive form.


For example:

ひどい　 吹雪ふぶき で　 、　 道 は　 通 行 止 め に　 された　

I cannot find why the は-に is the correct answer to this question

好
0点
4 years ago (Edited 4 years ago.)
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 51, 好 : 4,874

In this case, there is a mix of two particle usages. The は is indeed described on the grammar page as the thing being acted upon - in this case, the road. The に however, isn't really part of the passive usage - it is the に usage for when you are changing something, like

黒にする (make it black)

オフにする (make/turn it off)

簡単にする (make it easy/simple)


so, the 通行止めにされる is the passive form of 通行止めにする, or "to close to traffic", or "to make impassible by traffic" (sorry, the "perfect" English isn't coming to me at the moment).


I hope this helps!

好
0点
4 years ago
avatar
MarcusAseth
Years Studied: ？？？
Studying: JLPT N2/N1 -------- 33 Games Completed in Japanese
Level: 106, 好 : 328

I think the passive used as honorific speech is missing here :)

好
1点
9 months ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 51, 好 : 4,874

Thanks! Working in Japan, you hear that about 1000 times a day.

好
2点
9 months ago



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