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(old version) Pre-Intermediate Grammar (N4) > Grammar for Jumble Quizzes

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かた
1. How to A; Way/style of A
                
The way to read a Japanese comic is from right to left.
Discussion & Notes (2)
やすい
1. A is easy to do
            たべいです  
For Japanese people, it's always easier to use chopsticks when they eat.
Discussion & Notes (2)
にくい
1. A is hard/difficult to do
          
Your question is hard to answer.
Discussion & Notes (3)
おわる
1. To finish A; A ends
                      
I took a bath after I finished eating breakfast.
Discussion & Notes (0)
より
1. A is C-er than B; A is more C than B (comparison).
ピカチュー                
It seems like Pikachu is smarter than you.
Discussion & Notes (4)
より
1. A is not as C as B
                
That ramen place is not as expensive as this place.
Discussion & Notes (0)
てもいい
1. It is alright to A; the subject may A; it's alright if A (condition)
     なくても     
You don't have to worry so much.
Discussion & Notes (2)
てしまう
1. To finish/complete A
              
Have you finished writing your composition?
Discussion & Notes (1)
てしまう
1. A occurs (shows embarrassment / regret / disappointment over the action A)
                 
After two days our food ran out.
Discussion & Notes (1)
ておく
1. To do A in advance; do A as preparation for something else
(used with transitive verbs)
                    
I will write down your name and address.
Discussion & Notes (5)
なくてはいけない
1. Must do A; have to A
                       ・・・  
But I have an appointment with my client tomorrow.
Discussion & Notes (1)
ないがいい
1. It would be better to not A
                    
She's angry right now, so it's better to not speak to her.
Discussion & Notes (0)
ことがある
1. There are times when A (occurs/exists)
                 する      
Those two get along very well, but there are times when they have big fights.
Discussion & Notes (0)
んです
1. The reason/explanation is A
The reason/explanation may not be in the same sentence, so it can also be seen as a way to emphasize the content. の is more common in written, while ん is common in spoken Japanese.
                          
I've gotten (understand) your feelings, but I'm married.
Discussion & Notes (3)
んですが
1. Introduces a request, invitation, or asking for permission
The actual request may not be stated, and is implied by stating some problem or issue (with the request being to fix the problem). の is more common in written, while ん is common in spoken Japanese.
                 
This vending machine isn't working.
Discussion & Notes (2)
そうだ
1. A is spoken by/heard from someone/something else
                    
Did you hear? (I heard) The Red Sox won yesterday!
Discussion & Notes (0)
1. A is a question within the sentence
                       
Let's try asking a friend when this party is.
Discussion & Notes (2)
かどうか
1. Whether or not A
                       
Even if I look at that child's face, I don't know if the child is a boy or not.
Discussion & Notes (1)
すぎる
1. Too much A; A is excessive
     すぎて        
This curry is too spicy; I can't eat it!
Discussion & Notes (2)
にいく
1. Go (somewhere) in order to A
                            
There are hardly any stores in my town, so I often go to Tokyo to shop.
Discussion & Notes (1)
にくる
1. Come (here) in order to A
                       
You came to help me? Thanks a lot!
Discussion & Notes (1)
1. Return (home) in order to A
                       
There are a lot of college students who return home during winter holiday to see their families.
Discussion & Notes (1)
Causative
1. Make (somebody) A, this is coercive or forced onto the object of the sentence.
                                
No, mom! I did it last week, so make (my) brother clean up this time.
Discussion & Notes (1)
ことが
1. Be able to A; can do A
             こと  できました  
Thanks to your help, I was able to finish early.
Discussion & Notes (0)
ことが
1. Can A; be possible to A (possibility of the subject to do A)
                        のる こと  できる  
If you buy an all-you-can-ride ticket, it's possible to ride the train as many times as you like.
Discussion & Notes (0)
より~のが~
1. B is more C than A
                    
That motorbike is cooler than this bicycle.
Discussion & Notes (1)
と~と、どちらが~
1. Which is more C; A or B
                 
Which is cheaper, this or that?
Discussion & Notes (1)
ていく
1. To get to A
Shows a change over time
                        
The surgery is finished, so the pain will begin to disappear.
Discussion & Notes (1)
Conditional Form
1. If A
                       
If foreigners want to drive in Japan, an international driver's license is needed.
Discussion & Notes (2)
でも
1. Any A (anywhere, anybody, anytime, etc.)
      使       
You may use it any time.
Discussion & Notes (0)
ござる/ございます
1. ござる is the polite form of ある.
             
How much baggage do you have?
Discussion & Notes (0)
でござる/でございます
1. でござる is the polite form of である.
          
This is the operator.
Discussion & Notes (1)
ちゃ、~じゃ
1. じゃ is a casual form of では
                      
No, that's not the right way. You have to turn it the other way round.
Discussion & Notes (0)
Humble verbs
1. Humble form of A
                    
I borrowed my husband's credit card and bought a bag.
Discussion & Notes (1)
Humble verbs
1. Humble form of する verbs
                
As to the library I'll show you (there).
Discussion & Notes (1)
Respectful verbs
1. Respectful form of A
There are several words which do not use the above conjugations, but have special respectful forms. These are given below:
Regular Form Respectful Form
る/みる になる/ごらんになる
る/しる /ごぞんじ
く/いく いらっしゃる
る/くる いらっしゃる
る/いる いらっしゃる
くれる さる/くださる
う/いう おっしゃる
く/いく おいでになる
く/ゆく おいでになる
る/いる おいでになる
べる/たべる がる/めしあがる
む/のむ がる/めしあがる
る/くる おいでになる
する なさる
             
Alright, please eat!
Discussion & Notes (0)
をしまう
1. To put away A
             
Put away your wallet.
Discussion & Notes (0)
1. To do A together/mutually
               つめ     
Alan and I looked at one another for a while.
Discussion & Notes (0)
1. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
さきこ                  
Sakiko was often called and scolded by the teacher.
Discussion & Notes (0)
てくれてありがとう
1. Thank you for doing A
                     
Thank you for coming to my birthday party today.
Discussion & Notes (1)
1. Even [T], not even A
The negative form (not even) can be identified when the verb following the も is in the negative form.
                       
Everyone was surprised because Takada is good at not just singing but drawing as well.
Discussion & Notes (3)
しか~ない
1. Only A; no more than A
                           
Sorry, I only have a Japanese (-language) business card.
Discussion & Notes (2)
て/で
1. Because of A; Due to A
                 
Sorry, the train was late because of the snow.
Discussion & Notes (0)
だけど
1. A, however/but B
                 
But, why would would you say such a thing so suddenly?
Discussion & Notes (2)
Passive
1. A does B
The passive form can be used as an honorific form, so A would be someone above the speaker (boss, customer, etc.)
          
He drove.
Discussion & Notes (1)
はいけない
1. Don't A; Don't be a(n) A
         
Don't be late.
Discussion & Notes (0)
をしている
1. Shows state A
                     
She is a systems engineer in Tokyo.
Discussion & Notes (0)
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