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At A; in A
Shows the location A that an action/event takes place.
  1. At A; in A
    Shows the location A that an action/event takes place.
  2. For A; in A (shows a length or amount of time)
  3. Do B by using the object A; Do B by means of A
  4. Shows the material A that something is made of/composed of
  5. Because of A; Due to A
  6. Used after nouns/な-adjectives to link a list of adjectives and/or nouns
今日きょうは 店みせで ＶＲ の 体たい験けんが できた ！ 
I got to try VR at the store today!
46
日本 の 温 泉 で 混 浴 を 為 る の が 私 の 夢 で す 。 
My dream is to mingle at a mixed-gender Japanese onsen.
3
28
巴里 で 彼 女 と キ ス を 為 ま し た 。 
I kissed my girlfriend in Paris.
0
42
夏 休 み の 時 、 コ ン ビ ニ で 働 き ま し た 。 
During summer vacation, I worked at a convenience store.
0
23
近 所 の ス ー パ ー で 懐 か し い 友 達 に 会 い ま し た 。 
I met a dear friend of mine at a supermarket nearby.
0
19
東 京 の 渋 谷 で ス カ ウ ト 為 れ ま し た 。 
I was scouted in Shibuya, Tokyo.
0
16
こ こ で 、 一 発 ギ ャ グ を 為 た い と 思 い ま す ! 
I'd like to do a joke now (here)!
2
15
彼処 で 私 た ち は お 喋 り に 夢 中 に な っ て 居 ま し た 。 
We became engrossed in our conversation over there.
0
2
世 界 で 一 番 小 さ い 国 は 何処 で す か 。 
Where is the smallest country in the world?
3
9
ｉＰａｄ を イ ー ベ イ で 売 り ま し た 。 
I sold my iPod on eBay.
0
23
大 抵 家 で 勉 強 し ま す 。 
I usually study at home.
0
28
近 く の 公 園 で 写 真 を 撮 り ま し た 。 
I took pictures at the park nearby.
0
24
大 学 の 中 の 映 画 館 で 良 く 映 画 を 見 ま す 。 
I often go see movies at the movie theatre in the university.
0
7
大 抵 何処 で 洋 服 を 買 い ま す か 。 
Where do you usually shop for (Western) clothes?
0
68
大 学 で 初 め て 日本語 を 勉 強 し ま し た 。 
I started studying Japanese in college.
2
3
家 の 外 で 、 母 は ガ ー デ ニ ン グ を 為 て 居 ま す 。 
My mother is gardening outside.
0
5
学 校 で 英 語 を 勉 強 す る 。 
I study English at school.
0
27
此処 で 話 を 為 な い で 下 さ い 。 
Please do not talk here.
0
6
彼 は 玄 関 で 滑 り ま し た 。 
He slipped at the entrance.
0
7
夕 べ は 家 で 休 み ま し た 。 
I relaxed at home last night.
0
3
途 中 で 雨 が 降 り ま し た 。 
Rain fell on the way there.
0
12
い い え 、 此処 で 食 べ ま す 。 
No, I'll be eating here.
0
13
公 園 で 友 達 と 歩 き ま し た 。 
I walked with my friends at the park.
0
5
試合 で 練 習 の 成 果 を 発 揮 出 来 な か っ た の は 残 念 極 ま り な い 。 
It was extremely unfortunate to not be able to show the results of our practicing at the match.
0
8
店 で 何 を 買 い ま し た か ？ 
What did you buy at the store?
0
6
家 内 は 図 書 館 で 働 い て 居 ま す 。 
My wife works at the library.
0
11
実 家 で は 毎 年 梅 を 漬 け る 。 
We/they pickle plums at my parent's house each year.
0
5
家 で パ ー テ ィ ー を 為 ま し た 。 
I had a party at my house.
0
46
車 で ラ ジ オ を 聞 く 。 
I listen to the radio in the car.
2
13
兄 は 学 校 で 働 き ま し た 。 
My older brother worked at a school.
0
38
駅 で 母 と 食 事 す る 。 
I'll eat with my mother at the station.
0
27
静 か な 部屋 で 眠 る 。 
I sleep in a quiet room.
3
9
５つ星 の ホ テ ル で 働 く 。 
I work at a five-star hotel.
0
10
父 は 新 聞 社 で 仕 事 を 為 て 居 ま す 。 
Dad works at a newspaper company.
0
12
喫 茶 店 で 夫 と お 茶 を 飲 ん だ 。 
I had tea with my husband at the cafe.
0
4
レ ス ト ラ ン で は お 行 儀 良 く し な さ い 。 
Behave in the restaurant.
0
16
我 々 は 家 族 の 輪 の 中 で 育 っ た 。 
We grew up within our family circle.
0

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun (location)
で
Basic Examples:
レストランで食べる (eat at a restaurant)

Notes
Shows where A takes place
Where this grammar is found


Grammar usage notes

Compare also to the use of に as a place marker (like in 日本に住む).
15
0
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jacekh
Level: 1
In this grammar pattern with places, in contrast with using に (where the verb is usually only passive or showing existence), when using で there needs to be an action taking place. For example レストランにいます (I am at the restaurant) vs レストランで食べています (I am eating at the restaurant).
110
0
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mysticfive
Level: 2440
  • Use "に" for indicating where something is located.It is appropriate for situations where you want to describe the existence of an object or person in a specific place. Use "で" for indicating where an action is happening. It emphasizes the location in relation to an activity being performed.
    While using 'で' he/she needs to be there first, to use に he/she needs to state that he/she will go at the place. To stay & To go( planned )
67
0
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Questions/Discussion

Nothing posted yet!
 
For A; in A (shows a length or amount of time)
  1. At A; in A
    Shows the location A that an action/event takes place.
  2. For A; in A (shows a length or amount of time)
  3. Do B by using the object A; Do B by means of A
  4. Shows the material A that something is made of/composed of
  5. Because of A; Due to A
  6. Used after nouns/な-adjectives to link a list of adjectives and/or nouns
27
此 の 本 を ３日 で 読 んで 下 さ い 。 
Please read this book in three days.
0
15
１ ヶ 月 で １００ 冊 以 上 本 を 読 む 人 も 居 ま す 。 
There are people who read over a hundred books a month.
2
14
此 の 宿 題 は 後 一 時 間 で 終 え る 予 定 で す 。 
I plan on finishing this homework in an hour.
0
15
蛍 は 地 上 に 出 て 数 日 で 死 ん で 仕 舞 い ま す 。 
Fireflies emerge into the open and die after a few days.
0
35
家 か ら 歩 い て 10 分 で 会 社 に 着 き ま す 。 
Walking from home, I'll arrive at work in 10 minutes.
0
10
セ メ ン ト は 何 時 間 で 固 ま る の で す か ？ 
How many hours does it take for cement to set (harden)?
0

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun (length/amount)
で
Basic Examples:
４年間で (for 4 years)

Where this grammar is found


Grammar usage notes

When using a length of time, that's the duration of the action, not "after (period of time), the action will occur".

(incorrect) 五ヶ月でアメリカに行きます > I will go to America in 5 months.
(ok!) 五ヶ月でアメリカにいました. > I was in America for 5 months.

(incorrect) 一時間で出かけます > I will leave in an hour.
(correct) 一時間後(ご)でかけます> I will leave after an hour.
45
0
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マイコー
Level: 346
When used with time, it has the nuance of "over the course of (and no longer)"
e.g. 二年間で日本語を習った。It took (me) 2 years to learn Japanese.
20
0
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IJamLegend
Level: 1
This usage can be linked to につき (2). The particle で can be replaced by につき, if the relation between the basic amount and the associated amount is fixed. につき is more formal than で

この翻訳は一ページで二千円お払いします。
We will pay 2.000 yen per page for this translation.
8
0
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まさむね123
Level: 1
Meaning can be used as within this period of time, as shown in the example.
4
0
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Ellison135
Level: 49

Questions/Discussion

Nothing posted yet!
 
Do B by using the object A; Do B by means of A
  1. At A; in A
    Shows the location A that an action/event takes place.
  2. For A; in A (shows a length or amount of time)
  3. Do B by using the object A; Do B by means of A
  4. Shows the material A that something is made of/composed of
  5. Because of A; Due to A
  6. Used after nouns/な-adjectives to link a list of adjectives and/or nouns
自じ転てん車しゃで 買かい 物ものに 行いっ た 。 
I went shopping by bike.
56
箸 で 刺身 を 食 べ ま し た 。 
I ate sashimi with chopsticks.
0
23
昨日 、 私 は 家 の テ レ ビ で 映 画 を 見 ま し た 。 
Yesterday、I saw a movie on TV at my house.
0
31
日本 の 友 達 と 日本語 で 話 し た い で す 。 
I want to talk to my Japanese friends using the Japanese language.
1
19
今日 は 車 で 送 っ て 貰 い ま し た 。 
I had (them) take me by car today.
0
-3
京 都 迄 車 で 行 こ う と 思 い ま す 。 
I'm thinking of going to Kyoto by car.
0
23
彼 女 と は 日本語 で 会 話 為 ま す 。 
I talk to her in Japanese.
0
19
貴方 のこと は 父 の 話 で 聞 い て 居 ま し た 。 
I heard about you from talking with my father.
0
6
家 族 で ゲ ー ム を 為 て 楽 し ん だ 。 
We played games as a family and had fun.
1
11
雨 の 日 以 外 は 自 転 車 で 会 社 に 行 っ て 居 ま す 。 
I go to the office by bicycle except on rainy days.
2
12
貴方 と 私 が 二人 で 歌 い ま す 。 
You and I will sing together.
0
13
車 で 海 へ 向 か い ま し ょ う 。 
Let's head to the ocean by car.
0
20
電 話 で 母 に 聞 い た 。 
I asked my mother on the phone.
0
17
静 か な 声 で 話 し て 下 さ い 
Please speak in a quiet voice.
2
12
良 く 辞 書 で 単 語 を 調 べ ま す 。 
I often look up vocabulary in the dictionary.
0
13
も っ と 簡 単 な 言 葉 で 説 明 為 て 下 さ い 。 
Please explain in simpler terms.
0
6
彼 が 木 を 鋸 で 引 い て 居 る の を 見 た 。 
I saw him sawing a tree (with a saw).
0
14
彼 の 山 は 雪 で 覆 わ れ て 居 ま す 。 
That mountain is covered with snow.
0

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun (Object/Tool/Event)
で
BAction
Basic Examples:
電車で行く (go by train)

Where this grammar is found


Grammar usage notes

Nothing posted yet!

Questions/Discussion

How do you know which noun goes first?
5
0
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Chriskiro
Level: 83
Japanese is kinda like lego, you can build the sentence both ways: 車で京都まで行こうと思います。and 京都まで車で行こうと思います。

Both here are grammatically correct. The difference is that the closer to the start of the sentence something is the closer it is to the main topic of the discussion. If we put Kyoto first the main topic would be Kyoto, for example, I am talking about my plans for the trip, first we go to Kyoto, then to Osaka. To get to Kyoto, we will use the car.

Were I to put the 車 first this would be emphasised since the main topic of discussion would be the method of transportation. Let's say we have this context: If we go by train it's kinda expensive and we can't make any stops at some of the scenic spots. But if we go by car it's more convenient. So let's go by car to Kyoto.

Hope this helps a little.
12
0
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EBAWER123
Level: 31
typically, Japanese starts with the furthest item out in the sentence and works it way in. Also, the verb is most always last. So, 京都 is the farthest out from the speaker, then the car, then the verbs (to go, I think).
9
0
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はちきゅう
Level: 104
 
Shows the material A that something is made of/composed of
  1. At A; in A
    Shows the location A that an action/event takes place.
  2. For A; in A (shows a length or amount of time)
  3. Do B by using the object A; Do B by means of A
  4. Shows the material A that something is made of/composed of
  5. Because of A; Due to A
  6. Used after nouns/な-adjectives to link a list of adjectives and/or nouns
此これ は 藁わらで 作つくら れ て 居 ま す 。 
This is made with straw.
23
山 の 湧 き 水 で 珈琲 を 淹 れ た 。 
I made coffee with mountain spring water.
0
16
彼 の お 寺 は 全 て 木 で 出 来 て 居 ま す 。 
That temple is made completely of wood.
2
15
私 は 今 晩 豚 肉 で 咖哩 を 作 り ま す 。 
This evening I will make curry with pork.
0
26
林 檎 で ジ ャ ム を 作 る 。 
I'll make jam out of apples.
0

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun (Material)
で
Basic Examples:
木で出来た (made of wood)

Where this grammar is found


Grammar usage notes

で is used when the material something is made of is obvious. When the materials are not obvious, から is used instead.
When the statement is about something specific, the verb form できている is used, whereas for generic statements できる is used.
E.g.
その箱は木でできている。　This box is made of wood.
剣は鋼でできる。　Swords are made of steel.
紙は木からできる。　Paper is made from wood.
このワインはカシスからできている。　This wine is made from black currant.
51
1
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alekth
Level: 20

Questions/Discussion

Would it be grammatically acceptable to add の between milk and pack?
2
0
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Lore045
Level: 601
Can you provide the question? I need the context.
1
0
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In the quiz sentences both 作る and 出来る are used in the context of making something or describing what something is made of, are they interchangeable?
3
0
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ATG
Level: 229
No, they aren't interchangeable. A rule of thumb I provide is :
Who is making it = 作る
Focus on 作る is that it emphasizes the act of making; Example :
I make a cake. (ケーキを作る。)
They made a project. (彼らはプロジェクトを作った。）

What is it made of/ whats the result now = 出来る
The focus is more on the result or what comes out to be due to the process. Example :
- この電車は金属でできました。
This train is made of metal.
- 新しい建物が出来た。(A new building was completed. )
Here the new building came into existence due to the process. Just the final form matters, not the process or anything.
3
0
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Because of A; Due to A
  1. At A; in A
    Shows the location A that an action/event takes place.
  2. For A; in A (shows a length or amount of time)
  3. Do B by using the object A; Do B by means of A
  4. Shows the material A that something is made of/composed of
  5. Because of A; Due to A
  6. Used after nouns/な-adjectives to link a list of adjectives and/or nouns
17
済 み ま せ ん 、 雪 で 電 車 が 遅 れ ま し た 。 
Sorry, the train was late because of the snow.
0
19
今日 は 夏 祭 り で 花 火 が 上 が る 乃 だ 。 
Today, fireworks will be set off because of the summer festival.
0
12
私 は 忙 し く て 行 け な い 。 
I am too busy to go.
0
9
戦 争 で 家 族 を 無 く し ま し た 。 
I lost family in the war.
0
15
病 気 で 仕 事 を 休 み ま し た 。 
I was absent from work because of an illness.
3
7
雨 で 服 が 濡 れ ま し た 。 
My clothes got wet in the rain.
0
8
ケン は 家 族 が 健 康 で 幸 せ で す 。 
Ken is happy because his family is in good health.
2
2
先 週 は 風邪 で 体 調 が 悪 く 、 勉 強 ど こ ろ で は な か っ た 。 
I felt bad last week because of a cold, and I was not in the condition to study.
0

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun
で
Basic Examples:
雪で (because of snow)

Aな-adjective
で
Basic Examples:
不潔で (because (it's) unhygenic)

Aい-adjective
-い
くて
Basic Examples:
忙しくて (because (I'm) busy)

Where this grammar is found


Grammar usage notes

Nothing posted yet!

Questions/Discussion

Nothing posted yet!
 
Used after nouns/な-adjectives to link a list of adjectives and/or nouns
  1. At A; in A
    Shows the location A that an action/event takes place.
  2. For A; in A (shows a length or amount of time)
  3. Do B by using the object A; Do B by means of A
  4. Shows the material A that something is made of/composed of
  5. Because of A; Due to A
  6. Used after nouns/な-adjectives to link a list of adjectives and/or nouns
18
彼 は 健 康 で 丈 夫 だ 。 
He is strong and healthy.
0
17
山 田 さ ん は 親 切 で 美 人 だ 。 
Ms. Yamada is a kind and beautiful person.
0
21
街 の 外 れ に 有 る 教 会 は 壮 大 で 素 晴 ら し い 。 
The church in the outskirts of town is grand and wonderful.
0
18
パ レ ー ド が 始 ま る と 街 は 賑 や か で 華 や か に 成 る ！ 
When the parade starts the streets become lively and spectacular!
0
6
屋 根 に 行 く 階 段 は 狭 く て 急 で 暗 い で す 。 
The staircase leading to the rooftop is narrow, steep, and dark.
0

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun
 
Aな-adjective
 
 
で
Basic Examples:
奇麗で広い (clean and wide)

Where this grammar is found


Grammar usage notes

Nothing posted yet!

Questions/Discussion

Nothing posted yet!

Discussion about this grammar
This section has been archived, and no new posts can be added. Please use the discussion form(s) above.
avatar
Ryanmatsua
Level: 1
There is also another way to use で。It means that you did something using another thing. Ex:

I'll read it with (using) a dictionary -> 辞書で読む。
I came from school by car -> 学校から車で来た。
6
17 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 346
Thanks, added it. I'll add some model sentences later, but you can go ahead and put in your own user sentences.
3
17 years ago
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jacekh
Level: 1
The construction examples are quite misleading though - in meaning #2, they'd stand for "in a cat" and "in a meal", while in the second one "with a cat" (=I did sth using the cat / with the cat) and "with a meal".

I'd suggest some other examples, say: "日本で" ("in Japan") for the #1, "ナイフで" ("with a knife", like in "I cut the meat with a knife") for #2.
1
17 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 346
Yea - I might need to remove those completely until I can get a fresh list. Right now, if it's a 'noun' in the construction, the same nouns are used regardless of the grammar point; same goes with verbs and adjectives. Let me think on that as to what the best way to continue would be. Thanks!
2
17 years ago
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outsider
Level: 1
で　also shows the cause (風で学校を休んだ。）
and the material (いすは木で作っています。）
2
16 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 346
Added them. Thanks!!
2
16 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 346
Ah, and the kanji in your first sentence is off:
風で学校を休んだ。
should be
風邪で学校を休んだ。
3
16 years ago
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outsider
Level: 1
sorry I wasn't paying attention.
1
16 years ago
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looh
Level: 22
I heard that で is also the て form of nouns and な-adjectives, like when listing multiple occurrences:

田中さんは御金持ちで、かっこよくて、魅力的ですね。(Seen here: http://www.guidetojapanese.org/learn/grammar/compound)
0
16 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 346
Quite true - added it! It'll probably also get added when i eventually get around to noun/adjective types, but it definitely also belongs here. Thanks!
0
16 years ago
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テリフン
Level: 1
For the second meaning, how would one link い-Adjs with な-Adjs and Nouns? The い-Adjs use the ーくて, right? So, would this work? ...おいしくてきれいでおもしろいです。
0
14 years ago
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mysticfive
Level: 2440
absolutely! That works just fine ^.^
1
14 years ago
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テリフン
Level: 1
Oh, good! :D Thank you!
0
14 years ago
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Level:

I was thinking about usage 5, about how it would work with verbs...You can make a verb into a noun by adding の to its stem form -- 食べるの = eating -- so you could say "because of A" by adding で to that...and I already knew that ので is basically a polite form of から! IT ALL MAKES SENSE

1
11 years ago
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Karlla
Level: 910
Which category does this sentence fall into?
ボランティア活動で経験をした。
To me it feels close to #3, but 活動 is clearly not an object. So I'm uncertain, where to put it.
0
8 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 346
I think object should be a suggestion, not a requirement. It's more a tool (physical or otherwise) with which an action is completed.
1
8 years ago
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Kalamisanos
Level: 84

The more I look at my answer, the more I think it is wrong.

I even put it in Google translate (I know, not the best but still) and I couldn't see how it came up with the sentence "Rika studied movies in English".

Can someone please explain it to me?


Also.. is this the correct place to ask this question? I don't want to make new topics needlesly.

0
3 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 346

1. You are more than welcome to put questions about the grammar here. If you are pointing out an issue with a question, you can also use the ? button at the top (while in a quiz) to send in a report that way.

2. The jumble question system is built in a way to be as flexible as possible when accepting answers. However, it is occasionally *too* flexible, and that is definitely what is happening here. I'll make an adjustment to the system to this doesn't happen again. Thanks for pointing it out!

1
3 years ago
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愛猫家様
Level: 116

勉強のことで相談したいです。

Does this usage come under #5?

0
3 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 346

I want to say yes, but I'm not 100% on it. It's definitely the reason for you wanting to consult with (them).

1
3 years ago
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🌩セージ.𝓡_8卦掌天𝓚𝓪𝓲𝖙𝖊𝖓⚡
Level: 718

I cannot understand that whenever I type a sentence in chatgpt and to assure that it is grammatically correct It is always wrong, it says " in japanese its not casual to say this or is unnatural in japanese:
I used the te form :
１０時間でねたかったです。---> Isn't it correct?
I wanted to sleep for 10 hours.
When do we use de form then?
Chatgpt says The correct answer is :「１０時間寝たかったです。」 → "I wanted to sleep for 10 hours." (Most natural), but「１０時間で寝たかったです。」 still sounds unnatural because 寝る (to sleep) is not an action with a clear completion point in the same wayas finishing homework or eating a meal.

- 私はケーキでお菓子を作りました。--> Is it also correct?

d0fead5f51fb4df61a9c34d2.png

translation = I usually go home at 5:00, but 'at' is De. Correct ans = ni

0
1 year ago
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マイコー
Level: 346

Although I would never trust chatgpt with giving accurate information for language learning, it is correct here.

で is attached to a period of time to mark the completion of the activity. sleeping isn't exactly a thing you can "complete", so you don't need it: just the period of time is enough.

1
1 year ago
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relmet
Level: 317

露天風呂は石や木のおふろで、建物の外にあります。

Can anyone explain what does で mean in this sentence?

0
8 months ago
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ポールおじちゃん
Level: 1851

I believe it’s で sense 4 “and then, so.”

It’s kind of a strange sentence because the rocks and trees don’t seem to be connected to anything.

1
8 months ago
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ギョルギ九十三
Level: 1018

Isn't it linking two states/attributes of the same subject? Random example I found: 日本人で、日本語の先生です。(Is Japanese and a Japanese teacher).

It's two separate "descriptions", linked with で. That's what it looks like to me anyway. kao_think.png

1
8 months ago
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ポールおじちゃん
Level: 1851

Yes, but what do the rocks and trees have to do with the rotenburo? Is it made out of them, is it situated among them, or is it made for their use? It feels like a piece is missing.

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8 months ago
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ギョルギ九十三
Level: 1018

石や木のおふろ is a noun phrase, no? - "a bath of stone and/or wood"

I don't find it confusing at all. *It's just describing what a rotenburo is typically made out of.

Edit: So your first sentence by itself would be this: 露天風呂は石や木のおふろです = "Rotenburo are stone-and-wood baths".


*I guess I should say "It's describing a rotenburo as a bath made out of stone and/or wood" not "It's just describing what a rotenburo is typically made out of", that wasn't very clear wording on my part.

I'm not 100% sure if I should take や as an "and" or an "or". I also don't know how natural such a description sounds, but at least to me it sound fine. I guess 木風呂 and 石風呂 are a thing.

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8 months ago
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relmet
Level: 317

The sentence comes from «Tobira: beginning Japanese I» textbook. Here is more context, if that helps: 温泉の旅館にはたいてい露天風呂というおふろがあります。露天風呂は石や木のおふろで、建物の外にあります。自然の中で温かいお風呂に入るのはとても気分がいいです。

1
8 months ago
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ポールおじちゃん
Level: 1851

Thanks, that does help. Simply knowing that the topic is “what’s a rotenburo?” makes all the difference.

0
8 months ago


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