In A; on A; at A
Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
- In A; on A; at A Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
- To A; towards A; on A
- At A (time) This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
- To change into A
- Shows the target/recipient A of the action
- Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
- Every period of time A, B; Per A, B B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
- Going/coming/returning to do A
- A and B Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
その箱の中に写真が入っています。
There are some pictures inside of that box.
20
うちの水槽にスポンジボブが2匹住んでいます。
There are two Spongebobs residing in my aquarium.
18
私の部屋に可愛い猫がいます。
There is a cute cat in my room.
10
屋根の上に大きな猿がいて、友達になった。
There is a large monkey on the roof that I became friends with.
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Basic Examples:
日本に居る (to be in Japan)
Notes
Used with いる/ある to show where something/someone exists
Where this grammar is found
User notes
mysticfive
Level: 1612
(13 years ago)
compare this with (location)+で, in which an action occurs at a place. This sense only uses passive verbs (like いる、ある), whereas with で you would use active verbs (such as 食べる、する etc)
22
To A; towards A; on A
- In A; on A; at A Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
- To A; towards A; on A
- At A (time) This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
- To change into A
- Shows the target/recipient A of the action
- Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
- Every period of time A, B; Per A, B B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
- Going/coming/returning to do A
- A and B Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
12
良し、お昼はデパ地下に試食に行こう！
OK, let's go to the underground shopping area of the department store for food samples!
24
大阪に行きたい。
I wanna go to Osaka.
17
家に帰ったら、母に電話しました。
When I got home, I called my mother.
10
大切な彼女に車をプレゼントするつもりだ。
I plan on giving my precious girlfriend a car as a present.
9
大好きなピカチュウにチョコをあげたいな。
I want to give some chocolate to (my) lovely Pikachu.
8
ここに、明日も来てくれますか？
Will you come here tomorrow?
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Basic Examples:
日本に行く (to go to Japan)
Notes
Shows that the action is directed towards A.
Where this grammar is found
User notes
Rishi (リシ）
Level: 323
(3 years ago)
に can be used in the sense of indirect object (to which action is directed).
彼氏は彼女に指輪を上げた
The boyfriend gave a ring to his girlfriend.
彼氏は彼女に指輪を上げた
The boyfriend gave a ring to his girlfriend.
0
まさむね123
Level: 1
(5 years ago)
Noun(Location) could be people/person. Ex:
すきな せきに 座ります. そして 店員に チケット を わたします.
すきな せきに 座ります. そして 店員に チケット を わたします.
0
mysticfive
Level: 1612
(13 years ago)
this pattern usually goes with verbs of movement (walking, running etc)
9
At A (time)
This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
- In A; on A; at A Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
- To A; towards A; on A
- At A (time) This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
- To change into A
- Shows the target/recipient A of the action
- Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
- Every period of time A, B; Per A, B B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
- Going/coming/returning to do A
- A and B Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
25
2007年の8月に来日しました。
I came to Japan in August of 2007.
23
六時に起きます。
I wake up at 6 o'clock.
13
今日の内に、きっとゴジラは来るでしょう。
Godzilla will definitely come sometime today.
15
毎年4月に、桜は咲いています。
The cherry blossoms bloom every year in April.
7
子供のころに、熊と闘ったことがあります。
I had fought a bear when I was a child.
12
彼は17時に東京へ出発します。
He departs for Tokyo at 5:00pm.
7
会議は五時からに変更です。
The change is for the meeting to start from five.
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Basic Examples:
四時に帰る (go home at 4)
Where this grammar is found
User notes
ライアンでいい
Level: 794
(1 year ago)
To add to the excellent note already here, に should not be used for regularly occurring temporal nouns (毎_ / mai__).
毎日犬と散歩します。
I take the dog on a walk every day.
毎日 (every day) is not followed by に, or any other particle for that matter.
Perhaps this is the same as a relative temporal noun, but I didn't see this specific type of example, so I wanted to add it.
1
ナイコウ３６１１
Level: 1
(9 years ago)
に for Temporal Noun（時相名詞）
―――It's not necessary to add に for relative temporal noun (e. g. 明日、明朝)―――
昨日、ここで交通事故があった。
Yesterday, we had a traffic accident here.
―――Add に for absolute/exact temporal noun (e. g. ６時）―――
１０月１０日に、交通事故があった。
We had a traffic accident on October 10th.
太郎は天皇誕生日に東京を後にします。
Taro leaves Tokyo on the Emperor’s birthday holiday (Dec 23rd).
―――It's suggested to add に for non-apparent temporal noun―――
夏休みに交通事故があった。
We had a traffic accident during the summer vacation.
太郎は誕生日に東京を後にします。
Taro leaves Tokyo on his birthday.
―――It's optional to add に for particular time word (e. g. 時（とき）、くらい）―――
１０月１０日頃、交通事故があった。
We had a traffic accident around October 10th.
３日後に、送別会が行われる。
The farewell party will be held three days later.
――But, it should be added when used just before verb――
送別会が３日後に行われる。
The farewell party will be held three days later.
－From Meadowlake's journal on Lang-8
―――It's not necessary to add に for relative temporal noun (e. g. 明日、明朝)―――
昨日、ここで交通事故があった。
Yesterday, we had a traffic accident here.
―――Add に for absolute/exact temporal noun (e. g. ６時）―――
１０月１０日に、交通事故があった。
We had a traffic accident on October 10th.
太郎は天皇誕生日に東京を後にします。
Taro leaves Tokyo on the Emperor’s birthday holiday (Dec 23rd).
―――It's suggested to add に for non-apparent temporal noun―――
夏休みに交通事故があった。
We had a traffic accident during the summer vacation.
太郎は誕生日に東京を後にします。
Taro leaves Tokyo on his birthday.
―――It's optional to add に for particular time word (e. g. 時（とき）、くらい）―――
１０月１０日頃、交通事故があった。
We had a traffic accident around October 10th.
３日後に、送別会が行われる。
The farewell party will be held three days later.
――But, it should be added when used just before verb――
送別会が３日後に行われる。
The farewell party will be held three days later.
－From Meadowlake's journal on Lang-8
3
To change into A
- In A; on A; at A Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
- To A; towards A; on A
- At A (time) This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
- To change into A
- Shows the target/recipient A of the action
- Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
- Every period of time A, B; Per A, B B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
- Going/coming/returning to do A
- A and B Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
6
新しい職場は、山奥の病院になった。
My new workplace is (was decided to be) the hospital deep in the mountains.
8
会議は明日に変更になるので、皆さんに伝えてください。
The meeting has been changed to tomorrow, so please tell everyone.
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Basic Examples:
先生になる (to become a teacher)
きれいになる (to become clean, pretty)
More about なる
More about なる can be found here.
Where this grammar is found
User notes
Shows the target/recipient A of the action
- In A; on A; at A Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
- To A; towards A; on A
- At A (time) This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
- To change into A
- Shows the target/recipient A of the action
- Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
- Every period of time A, B; Per A, B B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
- Going/coming/returning to do A
- A and B Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
3
彼は彼女に朝食を作った。
He made breakfast for her.
1
母は父に鞄を渡した。
Mom handed the bag to Dad.
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Basic Examples:
母に花を上げた (I gave my mother a flower)
Where this grammar is found
User notes
Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
- In A; on A; at A Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
- To A; towards A; on A
- At A (time) This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
- To change into A
- Shows the target/recipient A of the action
- Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
- Every period of time A, B; Per A, B B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
- Going/coming/returning to do A
- A and B Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
6
咲子はよく先生に呼ばれて、叱られていた。
Emiko was often called and scolded by the teacher.
10
俺、猫にまでバカにされてる！
Even the cat is making fun of me!
7
私は姉にとても可愛がられました。
I was really loved by my older sister.
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Basic Examples:
兄に殴られた ((I) was hit by (my) older brother)
Passive Tense
More about the passive tense can be found here.
Where this grammar is found
User notes
Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
- In A; on A; at A Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
- To A; towards A; on A
- At A (time) This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
- To change into A
- Shows the target/recipient A of the action
- Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
- Every period of time A, B; Per A, B B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
- Going/coming/returning to do A
- A and B Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
8
月に一回、海へ行くんです。
I go to the beach once a month.
8
一年に何度か実家へ帰ります。
I go back to my parents' home several times each year.
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Basic Examples:
一週間に一回 (once per week)
Where this grammar is found
User notes
Going/coming/returning to do A
- In A; on A; at A Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
- To A; towards A; on A
- At A (time) This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
- To change into A
- Shows the target/recipient A of the action
- Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
- Every period of time A, B; Per A, B B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
- Going/coming/returning to do A
- A and B Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
1
夏は北海道に遊びに行きたい。
In the summer, I'm going to Hokkaido to have fun.
0
友達が生まれたばかりの赤ちゃんを見に来ました。
I came to see my friend's newborn baby.
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Basic Examples:
見に行く (go to see)
Where this grammar is found
User notes
A and B
Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
- In A; on A; at A Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
- To A; towards A; on A
- At A (time) This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
- To change into A
- Shows the target/recipient A of the action
- Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
- Every period of time A, B; Per A, B B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
- Going/coming/returning to do A
- A and B Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
4
このセットはコーヒーにケーキが付きます。
This set comes with coffee and cake.
0
私はＴシャツにジーンズという服装が好きだ。
I like jeans and a T-shirt as an outfit.
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
Basic Examples:
紅茶にケーキ (tea and cake)
Where this grammar is found
User notes
Discussion about this grammar
