和英辞典Vocabulary dictionary

漢字辞典 Kanji dictionary

文法辞典 Grammar dictionary

例文検索 Sentence lookup

When entering abc's, search as
Both
English only
Japanese only

Prioritize sentences with audio
You can enter in parts of a word, words, or phrases.
test
 


 
In A; on A; at A
Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
その 箱はこの 中なかに 写しゃ真しんが 入はいっ て い ま す 。 
There are some pictures inside of that box.
好
19点
う ち の 水 槽 に ス ポ ン ジ ボ ブ が 2 匹 住 ん で い ま す 。 
There are two Spongebobs residing in my aquarium.
好
16点
私 の 部屋 に 可愛 い 猫 が います 。 
There is a cute cat in my room.
好
8点
屋 根 の 上 に 大 き な 猿 が いて 、 友 達 に なった 。 
There is a large monkey on the roof that I became friends with.

There are no user-submitted sentences!
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun (location)
に
Basic Examples:
日本にいる (to be in Japan)

Notes
Used with いる/ある to show where something/someone exists
Where this grammar is found


User notes
avatar
mysticfive
Level: 1265
(12 years ago)
compare this with (location)+で, in which an action occurs at a place. This sense only uses passive verbs (like いる、ある), whereas with で you would use active verbs (such as 食べる、する etc)
19
 
To A; towards A; on A
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
好
10点
良 し 、 お 昼 は デパ 地 下 に 試 食 に 行 こ う ！ 
OK, let's go to the underground shopping area of the department store for food samples!
好
16点
大 阪 に 行 き た い 。 
I wanna go to Osaka.
好
14点
家 に 帰 っ た ら 、 母 に 電 話 し ま し た 。 
When I got home, I called my mother.
好
9点
大 切 な 彼 女 に 車 を プ レ ゼ ン ト する つ も り だ 。 
I plan on giving my precious girlfriend a car as a present.
好
5点
大 好 き な ピカチュウ に チ ョ コ を あげたい な 。 
I want to give some chocolate to (my) lovely Pikachu.
好
8点
ここ に 、 明日 も 来 て くれます か ？ 
Will you come here tomorrow?

There are no user-submitted sentences!
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun (location)
に
Basic Examples:
日本にいく (to go to Japan)

Notes
Shows that the action is directed towards A.
Where this grammar is found


User notes
avatar
Rishi (リシ）
Level: 323
(2 years ago)
に can be used in the sense of indirect object (to which action is directed).
彼氏は彼女に指輪を上げた
The boyfriend gave a ring to his girlfriend.
0
avatar
まさむね123
Level: 1
(4 years ago)
Noun(Location) could be people/person. Ex:
すきな せきに 座ります. そして 店員に チケット を わたします.
0
avatar
mysticfive
Level: 1265
(12 years ago)
this pattern usually goes with verbs of movement (walking, running etc)
9
 
At A (time)
This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
好
24点
2007 年 の 8 月 に 来 日 しました 。 
I came to Japan in August of 2007.
好
20点
６ 時 に 起 き ま す 。 
I wake up at 6 o'clock.
好
11点
今日 の 内 に 、 きっと ゴ ジ ラ は 来 る で し ょ う 。 
Godzilla will definitely come sometime today.
好
14点
毎 年 4 月 に 、 桜 は 咲 い て い ま す 。 
The cherry blossoms bloom every year in April.
好
7点
子 供 の ころ に 、 熊 と 闘 っ た こと が あります 。 
I had fought a bear when I was a child.
好
12点
彼 は 17 時 に 東 京 へ 出 発 し ま す 。 
He departs for Tokyo at 5:00pm.
好
7点
会 議 は ５ 時 か ら に 変 更 で す 。 
The change is for the meeting to start from five.

There are no user-submitted sentences!
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun (time)
に
Basic Examples:
四時に帰る (go home at 4)

Where this grammar is found


User notes
avatar
アーレン
Level: 472
(6 months ago)

To add to the excellent note already here, に should not be used for regularly occurring temporal nouns (毎_ / mai__).

毎日犬と散歩します。
I take the dog on a walk every day.

毎日 (every day) is not followed by に, or any other particle for that matter.

Perhaps this is the same as a relative temporal noun, but I didn't see this specific type of example, so I wanted to add it.

0
avatar
ナイコウ３６１１
Level: 1
(8 years ago)
に for Temporal Noun（時相名詞）

―――It's not necessary to add に for relative temporal noun (e. g. 明日、明朝)―――
昨日、ここで交通事故があった。
Yesterday, we had a traffic accident here.

―――Add に for absolute/exact temporal noun (e. g. ６時）―――
１０月１０日に、交通事故があった。
We had a traffic accident on October 10th.

太郎は天皇誕生日に東京を後にします。
Taro leaves Tokyo on the Emperor’s birthday holiday (Dec 23rd).

―――It's suggested to add に for non-apparent temporal noun―――
夏休みに交通事故があった。
We had a traffic accident during the summer vacation.

太郎は誕生日に東京を後にします。
Taro leaves Tokyo on his birthday.

―――It's optional to add に for particular time word (e. g. 時（とき）、くらい）―――
１０月１０日頃、交通事故があった。
We had a traffic accident around October 10th.

３日後に、送別会が行われる。
The farewell party will be held three days later.

――But, it should be added when used just before verb――
送別会が３日後に行われる。
The farewell party will be held three days later.

－From Meadowlake's journal on Lang-8
2
 
To change into A
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
好
6点
新 し い 職 場 は 、 山 奥 の 病 院 に なった 。 
My new workplace is (was decided to be) the hospital deep in the mountains.
好
8点
会 議 は 明日 に 変 更 に なる の で 、 皆 さ ん に 伝 え て ください 。 
The meeting has been changed to tomorrow, so please tell everyone.

There are no user-submitted sentences!
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun
 
Aな-adjective
 
 
になる
Basic Examples:
先生になる (to become a teacher)

きれいになる (to become clean, pretty)

More about なる
More about なる can be found here.
Where this grammar is found


User notes
 
Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
好
2点
彼 は 彼 女 に 朝 食 を 作 っ た 。 
He made breakfast for her.
好
2点
母 は 父 に 鞄 を 渡 し た 。 
Mom handed a bag to Dad.

There are no user-submitted sentences!
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
APerson
に
Basic Examples:
母に花を上げた (I gave my mother a flower)

Where this grammar is found


User notes
 
Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
好
4点
咲子 は よく 先 生 に 呼 ば れ て 、 叱 ら れ て い た 。 
Sakiko was often called and scolded by the teacher.
好
7点
俺 、 猫 に まで バ カ に されてる ！ 
Even the cat is making fun of me!
好
6点
私 は 姉 に とても 可愛 が ら れ ま し た 。 
I was really loved by my older sister.

There are no user-submitted sentences!
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun
に
BPassive tense
Basic Examples:
兄に殴られた ((I) was hit by (my) older brother)

Passive Tense
More about the passive tense can be found here.
Where this grammar is found


User notes
 
Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
好
4点
月 に 一 回 、 海 へ 行 く ん で す 。 
I go to the beach once a month.
好
5点
一 年 に 何 度 か 実 家 へ 帰 り ま す 。 
I go back to my parents' home several times each year.

There are no user-submitted sentences!
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
APeriod of time
に
BFrequency
Basic Examples:
一週間に一回 (once per week)

Where this grammar is found


User notes
avatar
beckyr16
Level: 1
(13 years ago)
This is probably a JLPT N4 term? It's in the Genki 2 book.
0
 
Going/coming/returning to do A
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
好
0点
夏 は 北 海 道 に 遊 びに 行 き た い 。 
In the summer, I'm going to Hokkaido to have fun.
好
0点
友 達 が 生 ま れ た ばかり の 赤 ち ゃ ん を 見 に 来 ま し た 。 
I came to see my friend's newborn baby.

There are no user-submitted sentences!
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
AVerb: Stem
 
ANoun
 
 
に行く/来る/帰る
Basic Examples:
見に行く (go to see)

Where this grammar is found


User notes
avatar
Yoona
Level: 1
(12 years ago)
I'm pretty sure it's not N1...
9
 
A and B
Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form 一回, 三回, etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
好
3点
この セ ッ ト は コーヒー に ケ ー キ が 付 き ま す 。 
This set comes with coffee and cake.
好
0点
私 は Ｔ シ ャ ツ に ジ ー ン ズ という 服 装 が 好 き だ 。 
I like jeans and a T-shirt as an outfit.

There are no user-submitted sentences!
Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun
に
BNoun
Basic Examples:
紅茶にケーキ (tea and cake)

Where this grammar is found


User notes

Discussion about this grammar
avatar
Ladymercury
Studying: JLPT N2
Level: 3, 好 : 133
Looking at the usage for #2, couldn't you also say 「私は仮面ライダーに変身する」? Because with the way its written, I'm thinking 「変身」 to literally change/transform as well as 「なる」? Though, my question probably - Can you use them interchangeably?

「私は仮面ライダーになるよ！」
「私は赤いの戦士に変身します！」
Report Content
好
1点
13 years ago (Edited 13 years ago.)
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 207, 好 : 9,272
Yea, I'd see them as the difference being 'to become' and 'to change/transform into', so probably not more than a slight change in the meanings, but *generally* the same.
Report Content
好
1点
13 years ago
avatar
Ladymercury
Studying: JLPT N2
Level: 3, 好 : 133
Thanks for the clarification on that :)b!!!!
Report Content
好
0点
13 years ago
guest
wtf?! "Do A, A is happening" i don't understand this usage :O
Report Content
好
0点
12 years ago
avatar
mysticfive
Years Studied: since 2000
Studying: 自分のため、日本語教師だから
Level: 1265, 好 : 5,329
two things on the last usage - first, it appears most people have confused this pattern with (verb stem)に(motion verb - いく，くる etc) (I did too until looking at it again!) so maybe have something for that as well?
Also you can use a noun for that pattern as well if you use を重ねて - 嘘に嘘を重ねて (using numerous lies, or piling one lie on another)
Report Content
好
0点
12 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 207, 好 : 9,272
Yea, I think I am going to just switch it other to the other form, then consider re-entering the new one at a later point.
Report Content
好
0点
12 years ago
avatar
テリフン
Years Studied: 3
Studying: ＪＬＰＴ　Ｎ3
Level: 1, 好 : 288
For the passive verb meaning, should there be a + Passive Verb after the に？
Report Content
好
1点
11 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 207, 好 : 9,272
Yes, that would be useful. Thanks!
Report Content
好
0点
11 years ago
avatar
IJamLegend
Years Studied: 三年間ばかり勉強しています。
Studying: anything that catches my eye
Level: 1, 好 : 59
I keep getting an error message that just says "false" when I try to view the user sentences on "A and B (as a set)"
Report Content
好
0点
8 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 207, 好 : 9,272
Hmm - it works in the renshuu beta - beta will become the main site in just a couple of weeks, so I recommend that you join it now (link in the Help menu), as no bug fixes are being made on the 2.0 (current) version of the site unless the quizzing stops working.
Report Content
好
1点
8 years ago
avatar
Mooglegirl
Years Studied: 二年間
Studying: Going wherever my class takes me for now!
Level: 1, 好 : 126

The link to passive tense on usage 4 seems to be broken.

Report Content
好
1点
8 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 207, 好 : 9,272

Fixed, thank you!

Report Content
好
0点
8 years ago
avatar
gdartfow
Level: 1164, 好 : 645
For the 8th usage, DBJG says に can be used with verbs of motion to express purpose (and also adds 入る and 出る to that list), but not with verbs like 歩く, 走る or 泳ぐ (as they represent a specific mode of motion, rather than the movement itself).
Does anyone have a more complete list of such verbs (for instance, would using it with 上る or 落ちる be ungrammatical)?
Report Content
好
0点
5 years ago
avatar
Karlla
Years Studied: Many on and off
Studying: N2
Level: 892, 好 : 5,235
I do not at all understand #7 A and B (as a set), for cannot find any (verified) example sentence for this particular usage.
I found that に means "and; in addition to". Would that be the same? If so does a sentence like 紅茶に砂糖を加える。fall under this usage as many people consider sugar a necessary companion for tea? On the other hand this に has a feel of に入れる to it, which is closer to #2, is it not?
Report Content
好
0点
4 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 207, 好 : 9,272
Just clarified that meaning a bit and added a sentence! You were right with the first guess - it is similar to と when the two often come together as a set.
Report Content
好
0点
4 years ago
avatar
Karlla
Years Studied: Many on and off
Studying: N2
Level: 892, 好 : 5,235
mysticfive は 08月 18日, 2:57に
two things on the last usage - first, it appears most people have confused this pattern with (verb stem)に(motion verb - いく，くる etc) (I did too until looking at it again!) so maybe have something for that as well?
Also you can use a noun for that pattern as well if you use を重ねて - 嘘に嘘を重ねて (using numerous lies, or piling one lie on another)
と言いました。

Concerning #8, I still don't understand the diference between this に and に行く・に来る which can be found elsewhere in the grammar library. And how does 嘘に嘘を重ねて fit into this pattern?

What if に is sandwiched between nouns? Which category does that belong to?
e.g. パスポートの申請に必要な物
Report Content
好
0点
4 years ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 207, 好 : 9,272
I think に #8 and に行く・来る are the same - they just got put up in different places.

I'm not sure the last case you gave is properly covered yet, but I'm a bit pressed for time at the moment so I cannot research the usage enough to document it.
Report Content
好
0点
4 years ago
avatar
Karlla
Years Studied: Many on and off
Studying: N2
Level: 892, 好 : 5,235
I see. Thanks anyways.
Report Content
好
0点
4 years ago
まさむね123
Years Studied: Since Nov 2018
Studying: JLPT N3
Level: 1, 好 : 24
昨日来れば夏子に会えたでしょう・だろうに。
If you had come here yesterday, you could have met Natsuko.

Is it still common for people to use this pattern? に was added as a final particle to express feelings of great regret or sympathy.
Report Content
好
0点
4 years ago
avatar
McYodo
Years Studied: 0.2
Level: 29, 好 : 5

I thought that I was being stupid and kept misunderstanding what に did in a sentence, little did I know that it has nine different uses. Thank you just so much Japan :)

Report Content
好
3点
1 year ago
avatar
TumorsAreGood
Level: 162, 好 : 93

The last page says that に is N1.

Report Content
好
0点
1 year ago
avatar
マイコー
Site admin
 Level: 207, 好 : 9,272

Well, most of the に usages are much higher (N5, N4), but for example, using に as "and" (#7) is not common at all.

As for #8, it should probably be closer to N3, will adjust that.

Report Content
好
0点
1 year ago
avatar
stupidguy
Years Studied: not enough
Studying: Kanji and vocab: N3, pushing through N1. Grammar's waiting until October-ish.
Level: 162, 好 : 68

The link to the grammar page for "Passive / 受身" under usage 6 needs updated. It seems to be using an old link format.

The line that it's on can be found with CTRL-F for "More about the passive tense can be found here."

edit: It's fixed, thank you!

Report Content
好
0点
9 months ago (Edited 9 months ago.)



Loading the list
Lv.

Sorry, there was an error on renshuu! If it's OK, please describe what you were doing. This will help us fix the issue.

Characters to show:





Use your mouse or finger to write characters in the box.
■ Katakana ■ Hiragana