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In A; on A; at A
Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form , , etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
その はこ なか しゃしん はい      
There are some pictures inside of that box.
26
             2         
There are two Spongebobs residing in my aquarium.
22
        います  
There is a cute cat in my room.
12
          いて     なった  
There is a large monkey on the roof that I became friends with.

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun (location)
Basic Examples:
(to be in Japan)

Notes
Used with いる/ある to show where something/someone exists
Where this grammar is found


User notes
avatar
mysticfive
Level: 1792
(14 years ago)
compare this with (location)+で, in which an action occurs at a place. This sense only uses passive verbs (like いる、ある), whereas with で you would use active verbs (such as べる、する etc)
24
 
To A; towards A; on A
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form , , etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
14
よし     デパ           
OK, let's go to the underground shopping area of the department store for food samples!
25
        
I wanna go to Osaka.
15
                
When I got home, I called my mother.
14
             する      
I plan on giving my precious girlfriend a car as a present.
10
    ピカチュウ      あげたい   
I want to give some chocolate to (my) lovely Pikachu.
9
ここ       くれます   
Will you come here tomorrow?

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun (location)
Basic Examples:
(to go to Japan)

Notes
Shows that the action is directed towards A.
Where this grammar is found


User notes
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Rishi (リシ)
Level: 323
(4 years ago)
に can be used in the sense of indirect object (to which action is directed).
げた
The boyfriend gave a ring to his girlfriend.
0
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まさむね123
Level: 1
(6 years ago)
Noun(Location) could be people/person. Ex:
すきな せきに ります. そして に チケット を わたします.
0
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mysticfive
Level: 1792
(14 years ago)
this pattern usually goes with verbs of movement (walking, running etc)
10
 
At A (time)
This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form , , etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
26
2007   8     しました  
I came to Japan in August of 2007.
23
        
I wake up at 6 o'clock.
15
     きっと            
Godzilla will definitely come sometime today.
19
  4             
The cherry blossoms bloom every year in April.
10
   ころ        こと  あります  
I had fought a bear when I was a child.
12
  17            
He departs for Tokyo at 5:00pm.
8
             
The change is for the meeting to start from five.

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun (time)
Basic Examples:
(go home at 4)

Where this grammar is found


User notes
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ライアンでいい
Level: 983
(1 year ago)

To add to the excellent note already here, に should not be used for regularly occurring temporal nouns (_ / mai__).

します。
I take the dog on a walk every day.

(every day) is not followed by に, or any other particle for that matter.

Perhaps this is the same as a relative temporal noun, but I didn't see this specific type of example, so I wanted to add it.

1
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ナイコウ3611
Level: 1
(10 years ago)
に for Temporal Noun(

―――It's not necessary to add に for relative temporal noun (e. g. )―――
、ここでがあった。
Yesterday, we had a traffic accident here.

―――Add に for absolute/exact temporal noun (e. g. 6)―――
1010に、があった。
We had a traffic accident on October 10th.

にします。
Taro leaves Tokyo on the Emperor’s birthday holiday (Dec 23rd).

―――It's suggested to add に for non-apparent temporal noun―――
みにがあった。
We had a traffic accident during the summer vacation.

にします。
Taro leaves Tokyo on his birthday.

―――It's optional to add に for particular time word (e. g. (とき)、くらい)―――
1010があった。
We had a traffic accident around October 10th.

に、われる。
The farewell party will be held three days later.

――But, it should be added when used just before verb――
が3われる。
The farewell party will be held three days later.

-From Meadowlake's journal on Lang-8
4
 
To change into A
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form , , etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
5
             なった  
My new workplace will be (was decided to be) a hospital deep in the mountains.
8
        なる           ください  
The meeting has been changed to tomorrow, so please tell everyone.

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun
 
Aな-adjective
 
 
なる
Basic Examples:
なる (to become a teacher)

きれいなる (to become clean, pretty)

More about なる
More about なる can be found here.
Where this grammar is found


User notes
 
Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form , , etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
3
            
He made breakfast for her.
2
          
Mom handed the bag to Dad.

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
APerson
Basic Examples:
げた (I gave my mother a flower)

Where this grammar is found


User notes
 
Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form , , etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
6
さきこ よく         しかられていた  
Sakiko was often called and scolded by the teacher.
13
    まで バカ  されてる  
Even the cat is making fun of me!
8
    とても         
I was really loved by my older sister.

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun
BPassive tense
Basic Examples:
られた ((I) was hit by (my) older brother)

Passive Tense
More about the passive tense can be found here.
Where this grammar is found


User notes
 
Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
B is often of the form , , etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form , , etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
9
             
I go to the beach once a month.
10
              
I go back to my parents' home several times each year.

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
APeriod of time
BFrequency
Basic Examples:
(once per week)

Where this grammar is found


User notes
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beckyr16
Level: 1
(14 years ago)
This is probably a JLPT N4 term? It's in the Genki 2 book.
0
 
Going/coming/returning to do A
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form , , etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
1
       びに      
In the summer, I'm going to Hokkaido to have fun.
1
       ばかり              
I came to see my friend's newborn baby.

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
AVerb: Stem
 
ANoun
 
 
く/る/
Basic Examples:
(go to see)

Where this grammar is found


User notes
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Yoona
Level: 1
(13 years ago)
I'm pretty sure it's not N1...
9
 
A and B
Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
  1. In A; on A; at A
    Used when describing the existence/presence of something.
  2. To A; towards A; on A
  3. At A (time)
    This can be used with an actual time (xx:yy), day, month, etc.
  4. To change into A
  5. Shows the target/recipient A of the action
  6. Used with passive verbs to identify who/what is doing the action
  7. Every period of time A, B; Per A, B
    B is often of the form , , etc.; during the period A, something happens B times.
  8. Going/coming/returning to do A
  9. A and B
    Used when the A and B often come as a set (e.g. food & drink)
1
この     コーヒー           
In this set, the coffee comes with cake.
0
           という        
I like jeans and a T-shirt as an outfit.

Getting the sentences
Construction
(Elements in parentheses are optional.)
ANoun
BNoun
Basic Examples:
ケーキ (tea and cake)

Where this grammar is found


User notes

Discussion about this grammar
avatar
Ladymercury
Level: 19
Looking at the usage for #2, couldn't you also say 「ライダーにする」? Because with the way its written, I'm thinking 「」 to literally change/transform as well as 「なる」? Though, my question probably - Can you use them interchangeably?

ライダーになるよ!」
いのします!」
1
14 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 281
Yea, I'd see them as the difference being 'to become' and 'to change/transform into', so probably not more than a slight change in the meanings, but *generally* the same.
1
14 years ago
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Ladymercury
Level: 19
Thanks for the clarification on that :)b!!!!
0
14 years ago
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Level: 1
wtf?! "Do A, A is happening" i don't understand this usage :O
0
13 years ago
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mysticfive
Level: 1792
two things on the last usage - first, it appears most people have confused this pattern with (verb stem)に(motion verb - いく,くる etc) (I did too until looking at it again!) so maybe have something for that as well?
Also you can use a noun for that pattern as well if you use をねて - ねて (using numerous lies, or piling one lie on another)
0
13 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 281
Yea, I think I am going to just switch it other to the other form, then consider re-entering the new one at a later point.
0
13 years ago
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テリフン
Level: 1
For the passive verb meaning, should there be a + Passive Verb after the に?
1
12 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 281
Yes, that would be useful. Thanks!
0
12 years ago
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IJamLegend
Level: 1
I keep getting an error message that just says "false" when I try to view the user sentences on "A and B (as a set)"
0
10 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 281
Hmm - it works in the renshuu beta - beta will become the main site in just a couple of weeks, so I recommend that you join it now (link in the Help menu), as no bug fixes are being made on the 2.0 (current) version of the site unless the quizzing stops working.
1
10 years ago
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Level:

The link to passive tense on usage 4 seems to be broken.

1
9 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 281

Fixed, thank you!

0
9 years ago
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gdartfow
Level: 1689
For the 8th usage, DBJG says に can be used with verbs of motion to express purpose (and also adds る and る to that list), but not with verbs like く, る or ぐ (as they represent a specific mode of motion, rather than the movement itself).
Does anyone have a more complete list of such verbs (for instance, would using it with る or ちる be ungrammatical)?
0
6 years ago
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Karlla
Level: 892
I do not at all understand #7 A and B (as a set), for cannot find any (verified) example sentence for this particular usage.
I found that に means "and; in addition to". Would that be the same? If so does a sentence like える。fall under this usage as many people consider sugar a necessary companion for tea? On the other hand this に has a feel of にれる to it, which is closer to #2, is it not?
0
6 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 281
Just clarified that meaning a bit and added a sentence! You were right with the first guess - it is similar to と when the two often come together as a set.
0
6 years ago
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Karlla
Level: 892
two things on the last usage - first, it appears most people have confused this pattern with (verb stem)に(motion verb - いく,くる etc) (I did too until looking at it again!) so maybe have something for that as well?
Also you can use a noun for that pattern as well if you use をねて - ねて (using numerous lies, or piling one lie on another)

Concerning #8, I still don't understand the diference between this に and にく・にる which can be found elsewhere in the grammar library. And how does ねて fit into this pattern?

What if に is sandwiched between nouns? Which category does that belong to?
e.g. パスポートの
0
6 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 281
I think に #8 and にく・る are the same - they just got put up in different places.

I'm not sure the last case you gave is properly covered yet, but I'm a bit pressed for time at the moment so I cannot research the usage enough to document it.
0
6 years ago
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Karlla
Level: 892
I see. Thanks anyways.
0
6 years ago
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まさむね123
Level: 1
ればえたでしょう・だろうに。
If you had come here yesterday, you could have met Natsuko.

Is it still common for people to use this pattern? に was added as a final particle to express feelings of great regret or sympathy.
0
6 years ago
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McYodo
Level: 29

I thought that I was being stupid and kept misunderstanding what に did in a sentence, little did I know that it has nine different uses. Thank you just so much Japan :)

3
3 years ago
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TumorsAreGood
Level: 163

The last page says that に is N1.

0
3 years ago
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マイコー
Level: 281

Well, most of the に usages are much higher (N5, N4), but for example, using に as "and" (#7) is not common at all.

As for #8, it should probably be closer to N3, will adjust that.

0
3 years ago
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stupidguy
Level: 183

The link to the grammar page for "Passive / " under usage 6 needs updated. It seems to be using an old link format.

The line that it's on can be found with CTRL-F for "More about the passive tense can be found here."

edit: It's fixed, thank you!

0
2 years ago
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